Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
Yale J Biol Med. 2013 Jun 13;86(2):127-37. Print 2013 Jun.
Depression is the leading cause of mental disability worldwide. Women who are depressed during pregnancy are at a higher risk for preterm delivery, preeclampsia, birth difficulties, and postpartum depression. The treatment of depression in conventional medicine has focused on physiological factors that lead to impaired neurotransmitter function and treatments to improve neurotransmitter function. Pharmaceutical substances pose risks for pregnant and lactating women, and lower risk options are preferred. Micronutrients, including certain B vitamins, folate, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), play a role in the synthesis and absorption of neurotransmitters. Experimental studies suggest that supplementation with specific micronutrients may alleviate depressive symptoms and improve birth outcomes in patients with perinatal depression. Alternative treatments for depression, including nutritional supplements, are an important treatment option for depressive symptoms while limiting potential side effects and treatment costs. This article explores the biological basis of perinatal depression and reviews the potential benefits of non-pharmacological interventions.
抑郁症是全球导致精神残疾的主要原因。怀孕期间抑郁的女性早产、子痫前期、分娩困难和产后抑郁的风险更高。传统医学对抑郁症的治疗主要集中在导致神经递质功能受损的生理因素上，以及改善神经递质功能的治疗方法。药物物质对孕妇和哺乳期妇女有风险，因此更倾向于选择低风险的药物。微量营养素，包括某些 B 族维生素、叶酸和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA），在神经递质的合成和吸收中发挥作用。实验研究表明，补充特定的微量营养素可能缓解围产期抑郁症患者的抑郁症状并改善分娩结局。替代治疗抑郁症的方法，包括营养补充剂，是治疗围产期抑郁症的重要选择，可以限制潜在的副作用和治疗费用。本文探讨了围产期抑郁症的生物学基础，并综述了非药物干预的潜在益处。
