Abdelkafy Ashraf
Orthopedic Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Arthrosc Tech. 2012 Aug 11;1(2):e149-54. doi: 10.1016/j.eats.2012.05.008. Print 2012 Dec.
Accurate positioning of the femoral tunnel in the native femoral anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) footprint requires drilling through an accessory medial portal (AMP). The AMP is located far medial and at a low level. Despite the benefits of drilling through the AMP, it is possible that the drill bit head will injure the articular cartilage of the medial femoral condyle as it slides along the guide pin to the femoral insertion of the ACL. Because more surgeons are now performing anatomic ACL reconstructions and shifting from transtibial drilling toward transportal drilling, the risk of this injury might be increasing, especially during the beginning of their learning curve. To avoid such injury, a bio-interference screw sheath is used. It is inserted through the AMP over the guide pin until it reaches near the medial wall of the lateral femoral condyle. The drill bit is inserted over the guide pin and through the bio-interference screw sheath. Using the bio-interference screw sheath not only protects the articular cartilage of the medial femoral condyle but also protects the medial meniscus, posterior cruciate ligament, and skin of the AMP from injury because of the close proximity of the drill bit head to these structures during transportal drilling.
在天然股骨前交叉韧带(ACL)足迹处准确放置股骨隧道需要通过辅助内侧入路(AMP)钻孔。AMP位于非常内侧且位置较低。尽管通过AMP钻孔有诸多益处,但钻头在沿着导针向ACL的股骨附着点滑动时,有可能会损伤股骨内侧髁的关节软骨。由于现在越来越多的外科医生进行解剖学ACL重建,并且从经胫骨钻孔转向经通道钻孔,这种损伤的风险可能在增加,尤其是在他们学习曲线的初期。为避免此类损伤,使用了一种生物干涉螺钉护套。它通过AMP套在导针上插入,直到到达股骨外侧髁内侧壁附近。钻头套在导针上并穿过生物干涉螺钉护套。使用生物干涉螺钉护套不仅能保护股骨内侧髁的关节软骨,还能在经通道钻孔过程中保护内侧半月板、后交叉韧带以及AMP处的皮肤,因为在这个过程中钻头头部与这些结构距离很近。