National Institute of Food Science & Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2013;53(8):862-74. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2011.563154.
Food contagion with aflatoxins is the modern concern and has received a great awareness during the last few decades. The intermittent incidence of these toxins in agricultural commodities has negative role on the economy of the affected regions where harvest and postharvest techniques for the prevention of mold growth, are seldom practiced. Aflatoxins are difuranocoumarin derivatives produced by a polyketide pathway by the fungus Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus via polyketide pathway which are highly hepatotoxic, hepatocarcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic in nature and contaminate a wide variety of important agricultural commodities before, during, and after harvest in various environmental conditions. The production of aflatoxins in innate substrates depends upon the various factors, that is, type of substrate, fungal species, moisture contents of the substrate, minerals, humidity, temperature, and physical damage of the kernels. These toxins cause several ailments such as cancer, hepatitis, mutation abnormalities, and reproduction disorders. Minimization and inactivation of aflatoxins contaminants through proper crop management at farm level and with physical, chemical, and biological techniques are the limelight of the article.
食品受到黄曲霉毒素污染是现代社会关注的问题，在过去几十年中引起了广泛关注。这些毒素在农产品中的间歇性出现对受影响地区的经济产生了负面影响，这些地区很少采取预防霉菌生长的收获和产后技术。黄曲霉毒素是一种呋喃香豆素衍生物，由真菌黄曲霉和寄生曲霉通过聚酮途径产生，具有高度的肝毒性、致癌性、致畸性和致突变性，在各种环境条件下，在收获前、收获中和收获后都会污染各种重要的农产品。在天然基质中产生黄曲霉毒素取决于多种因素，即基质的类型、真菌种类、基质的水分含量、矿物质、湿度、温度和核仁的物理损伤。这些毒素会导致多种疾病，如癌症、肝炎、突变异常和生殖障碍。通过在农场层面进行适当的作物管理，并采用物理、化学和生物技术，可以最大限度地减少和灭活黄曲霉毒素污染物，这是本文的重点。
