Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, United States; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, United States; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, United States.
Cytokine. 2013 Oct;64(1):310-5. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2013.05.025. Epub 2013 Jun 12.
Approximately 5-10% of subjects with prediabetes become diabetic every year. Inflammation is involved in the development of obesity-related type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, to date, the relationship between inflammation and prediabetes, defined by hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥5.7 and <6.5%, remains largely unexplored, especially in African Americans. Therefore, in this study we examined a comprehensive panel of 13 cytokines involved in the inflammatory response in overweight/obese subjects with prediabetes. A total of 21 otherwise healthy, overweight/obese, young adult African American females with prediabetes, together with 20 matched overweight/obese controls, were selected for this study. Plasma cytokines were assessed by multiplex cytokine profiling. Plasma concentrations of interleukin (IL)-5, IL-6, IL-7, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were significantly higher in the prediabetic group, as compared to the control group (all p<0.05). Plasma concentrations of all the other cytokines, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70 and IL-13, seemed to be elevated in the prediabetic group, but failed to reach statistical significances. Upon merging both groups, HbA1c was found to be positively correlated with IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-5, IL-7, IL-8, TNF-α and GM-CSF. This study demonstrates elevated levels of various pro-inflammatory cytokines in overweight/obese young subjects with prediabetes, which place them at higher risk of developing T2D and cardiovascular diseases. Our data also call for further investigations in animal models and population cohorts to establish the roles of a variety of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the early development of obesity-related T2D.
大约 5-10%的前驱糖尿病患者每年都会发展为糖尿病。炎症参与了肥胖相关的 2 型糖尿病（T2D）的发生。然而，迄今为止，炎症与前驱糖尿病之间的关系（通过糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）≥5.7 和<6.5%定义）在很大程度上仍未得到探索，尤其是在非裔美国人中。因此，在这项研究中，我们检查了超重/肥胖前驱糖尿病患者中涉及炎症反应的 13 种细胞因子的综合面板。共有 21 名健康、超重/肥胖的年轻成年非裔美国女性患有前驱糖尿病，以及 20 名匹配的超重/肥胖对照组，被选为这项研究的对象。通过多重细胞因子分析评估了血浆细胞因子。与对照组相比，前驱糖尿病组的白细胞介素（IL）-5、IL-6、IL-7、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）和粒细胞-单核细胞集落刺激因子（GM-CSF）的血浆浓度显著升高（均 p<0.05）。其他所有细胞因子，干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）、IL-1β、IL-2、IL-4、IL-8、IL-10、IL-12p70 和 IL-13 的血浆浓度似乎在前驱糖尿病组中升高，但未达到统计学意义。将两组合并后，发现 HbA1c 与 IFN-γ、IL-1β、IL-2、IL-5、IL-7、IL-8、TNF-α和 GM-CSF 呈正相关。这项研究表明，超重/肥胖前驱糖尿病年轻患者存在多种促炎细胞因子水平升高，这使他们处于发生 T2D 和心血管疾病的更高风险中。我们的数据还呼吁在动物模型和人群队列中进行进一步研究，以确定各种促炎细胞因子在肥胖相关 T2D 的早期发展中的作用。
