Solga Steven F, Mudalel Matthew, Spacek Lisa A, Lewicki Rafal, Tittel Frank, Loccioni Claudio, Russo Adolfo, Risby Terence H
Solga Gastroenterology, Bethlehem, PA, USA.
J Breath Res. 2013 Sep;7(3):037101. doi: 10.1088/1752-7155/7/3/037101. Epub 2013 Jun 18.
Amongst volatile compounds (VCs) present in exhaled breath, ammonia has held great promise and yet it has confounded researchers due to its inherent reactivity. Herein we have evaluated various factors in both breath instrumentation and the breath collection process in an effort to reduce variability. We found that the temperature of breath sampler and breath sensor, mouth rinse pH, and mode of breathing to be important factors. The influence of the rinses is heavily dependent upon the pH of the rinse. The basic rinse (pH 8.0) caused a mean increase of the ammonia concentration by 410 ± 221 ppb. The neutral rinse (pH 7.0), slightly acidic rinse (pH 5.8), and acidic rinse (pH 2.5) caused a mean decrease of the ammonia concentration by 498 ± 355 ppb, 527 ± 198 ppb, and 596 ± 385 ppb, respectively. Mode of breathing (mouth-open versus mouth-closed) demonstrated itself to have a large impact on the rate of recovery of breath ammonia after a water rinse. Within 30 min, breath ammonia returned to 98 ± 16% that of the baseline with mouth open breathing, while mouth closed breathing allowed breath ammonia to return to 53 ± 14% of baseline. These results contribute to a growing body of literature that will improve reproducibly in ammonia and other VCs.
在呼出气体中存在的挥发性化合物（VCs）中，氨具有很大的前景，但由于其固有的反应性，一直困扰着研究人员。在此，我们评估了呼吸检测仪器和呼吸收集过程中的各种因素，以努力减少变异性。我们发现呼吸采样器和呼吸传感器的温度、漱口液pH值和呼吸模式是重要因素。漱口液的影响很大程度上取决于漱口液的pH值。碱性漱口液（pH 8.0）使氨浓度平均增加410±221 ppb。中性漱口液（pH 7.0）、微酸性漱口液（pH 5.8）和酸性漱口液（pH 2.5）使氨浓度平均分别降低498±355 ppb、527±198 ppb和596±385 ppb。呼吸模式（张口呼吸与闭口呼吸）对水冲洗后呼出氨的恢复速率有很大影响。在30分钟内，张口呼吸时呼出氨恢复到基线的98±16%，而闭口呼吸时呼出氨恢复到基线的53±14%。这些结果有助于增加关于氨和其他挥发性化合物的文献，从而提高其重现性。
