一生中农药的使用与农业健康研究中男性施药者端粒缩短的关系。
Lifetime pesticide use and telomere shortening among male pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study.
机构信息
Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
出版信息
Environ Health Perspect. 2013 Aug;121(8):919-24. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1206432. Epub 2013 Jun 7.
BACKGROUND
Telomere length (TL) in surrogate tissues may be influenced by environmental exposures.
OBJECTIVE
We aimed to determine whether lifetime pesticides use is associated with buccal cell TL.
METHODS
We examined buccal cell TL in relation to lifetime use of 48 pesticides for 1,234 cancer-free white male pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS), a prospective cohort study of 57,310 licensed pesticide applicators. Participants provided detailed information on lifetime use of 50 pesticides at enrollment (1993-1997). Buccal cells were collected from 1999 to 2006. Relative telomere length (RTL) was measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. We used linear regression modeling to evaluate the associations between specific pesticides and the logarithm of RTL, adjusting for age at buccal cell collection, state of residence, applicator license type, chewing tobacco use, and total lifetime days of all pesticide use.
RESULTS
The mean RTL for participants decreased significantly in association with increased lifetime days of pesticide use for alachlor (p = 0.002), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D; p = 0.004), metolachlor (p = 0.01), trifluralin (p = 0.05), permethrin (for animal application) (p = 0.02), and toxaphene (p = 0.04). A similar pattern of RTL shortening was observed with the metric lifetime intensity-weighted days of pesticide use. For dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), we observed significant RTL shortening for lifetime intensity-weighted days (p = 0.04), but not for lifetime days of DDT use (p = 0.08). No significant RTL lengthening was observed for any pesticide.
CONCLUSION
Seven pesticides previously associated with cancer risk in the epidemiologic literature were inversely associated with RTL in buccal cell DNA among cancer-free pesticide applicators. Replication of these findings is needed because we cannot rule out chance or fully rule out bias.
背景
替代组织中的端粒长度（TL）可能受到环境暴露的影响。
目的
我们旨在确定终生使用农药是否与口腔细胞 TL 相关。
方法
我们研究了与终生使用 48 种农药相关的口腔细胞 TL，这些农药涉及农业健康研究（AHS）中的 1234 名无癌症的白种男性农药施用者，这是一项针对 57310 名持牌农药施用者的前瞻性队列研究。参与者在入组时（1993-1997 年）提供了有关终生使用 50 种农药的详细信息。1999 年至 2006 年期间采集口腔细胞。使用实时聚合酶链反应定量测量相对端粒长度（RTL）。我们使用线性回归模型评估特定农药与 RTL 对数之间的关联，调整口腔细胞采集时的年龄、居住州、施用者许可证类型、咀嚼烟草使用情况和所有农药使用的终生总天数。
结果
参与者的 RTL 平均值随着农药使用终生天数的增加而显著降低，其中草胺膦（p = 0.002）、2,4-二氯苯氧基乙酸（2,4-D；p = 0.004）、甲草胺（p = 0.01）、氟乐灵（p = 0.05）、氯菊酯（用于动物应用）（p = 0.02）和毒杀芬（p = 0.04）。使用农药终生强度加权天数的度量也观察到 RTL 缩短的类似模式。对于滴滴涕（DDT），我们观察到终生强度加权天数与 RTL 缩短之间存在显著关联（p = 0.04），但与 DDT 使用终生天数之间没有显著关联（p = 0.08）。没有观察到任何农药的 RTL 显著延长。
结论
在流行病学文献中与癌症风险相关的七种农药与无癌症农药施用者口腔细胞 DNA 中的 RTL 呈负相关。由于我们不能排除偶然性或完全排除偏差，因此需要对这些发现进行复制。
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