Bakhtari Aghdam Fatemeh, Baghiani Moghaddam Mohammad Hossein, Asghari Jafarabadi Mohammad, Allahverdipour Hamid, Dabagh Nikookheslat Saed, Noorizadeh Roghaieh
Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Glob J Health Sci. 2013 May 13;5(4):189-99. doi: 10.5539/gjhs.v5n4p189.
PA is a multi-factorial behavior that is affected by interpersonal, intra personal, environmental and social factors. In this study we applied explanatory model to determine the total, indirect and direct impact of physical environment, personal factors and social support on PA among employed women.
This study was a correlational cross-sectional study which was conducted to model total, indirect and direct impact of environmental, psychological and social factors on PA. A total of 200 women were chosen from Tabriz University by using convenience sampling method. Data about demographic characteristics, psychological variables, social and physical environment were gathered by using self-reported questionnaire and also the PA was measured by using the International PA Questionnaire and pedometer.
personal factors, physical and social environment, showed direct effects on PA. Social factors could be seen to have indirect effects on PA through their influence on personal factors such as pros, cons and self-efficacy; also physical environment had indirect effects on PA through social environment. The total effects of physical and social environment on PA type were respectively 0.17, 0.16 on walking, 0.05, 0.07 on moderate activity and 0.15, 0.18 on vigorous activity.
Findings from this study indicated that social factors had indirect effects on walking, moderate and vigorous activity, especially through the effects on these factors of self-efficacy, physical environment, pros and cons, and the interactive role of individual, environmental and social impacts on PA. The current study identifies that psychological, physical and social factors could be shown to have direct and indirect influences on all forms of activity. The barriers of PA were the most predictor of this behavior, and based on results, it can be concluded that decreasing the barriers along with improving social and physical environment can lead to increasing PA and health promotion.
身体活动（PA）是一种受人际、个人内在、环境和社会因素影响的多因素行为。在本研究中，我们应用解释模型来确定物理环境、个人因素和社会支持对职业女性PA的总体、间接和直接影响。
本研究为相关性横断面研究，旨在构建环境、心理和社会因素对PA的总体、间接和直接影响模型。采用便利抽样法从大不里士大学选取了200名女性。通过自填问卷收集有关人口统计学特征、心理变量、社会和物理环境的数据，同时使用国际身体活动问卷和计步器测量PA。
个人因素、物理和社会环境对PA有直接影响。社会因素可通过对诸如利弊和自我效能等个人因素的影响，对PA产生间接影响；物理环境也通过社会环境对PA产生间接影响。物理和社会环境对PA类型的总体影响分别为：步行方面为0.17、0.16，中等强度活动方面为0.05、0.07，剧烈活动方面为0.15、0.18。
本研究结果表明，社会因素对步行、中等强度和剧烈活动有间接影响，尤其是通过对自我效能、物理环境、利弊等因素的影响，以及个人、环境和社会影响对PA的交互作用。当前研究表明，心理、物理和社会因素对所有形式的活动都有直接和间接影响。PA的障碍是这种行为的最强预测因素，根据结果可以得出结论，减少障碍并改善社会和物理环境可导致PA增加和健康促进。
