Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
Phytochemistry. 2013 Oct;94:135-41. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.05.012. Epub 2013 Jun 17.
Treatment of plants with thiamine (Vitamin B1) has before been shown to activate plant defence against microorganisms. Here, we have studied the effects of thiamine treatments of plants on aphid reproduction and behaviour. The work was mainly carried out with bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Aphid population growth and aphid acceptance on plants grown from seeds soaked in a 150μM thiamine solution were reduced to ca. 60% of that on control plants. R. padi life span and the total number of offspring were reduced on barley plants treated with thiamine. Healthy aphids and aphids infected with the R. padi virus were similarly affected. Spraying or addition of thiamine at 150μM to nutrient solutions likewise resulted in reduced aphid population growth to ca. 60%, as did plant exposure to thiamine odour at 4mM. Thiamine treatments resulted in reduced aphid population growth also when tested with grain aphid (Sitobion avenae F.) on barley and pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum H.) on pea (Pisum sativum L.). There was no direct effect of thiamine on aphid reproduction or thiamine odour on aphid behaviour, as evaluated using artificial diets and by olfactometer tests, respectively. Two gene sequences regulated by salicylic acid showed higher transcript abundance and one gene sequence regulated by methyl jasmonate showed lower transcript abundance in thiamine-treated plants but not in control plants after aphid infestation. These results suggest that the aphid antibiosis and antixenosis effects may be related to priming of defence, but more studies are needed to explain the effects against aphids.
植物用硫胺素（维生素 B1）处理已被证明可以激活植物对微生物的防御。在这里，我们研究了植物用硫胺素处理对蚜虫繁殖和行为的影响。这项工作主要是在大麦（Hordeum vulgare L.）上用鸟樱桃燕麦蚜虫（Rhopalosiphum padi L.）进行的。浸泡在 150μM 硫胺素溶液中的种子生长的植物上的蚜虫种群增长和蚜虫接受度降低到对照植物的约 60%。用硫胺素处理的大麦植物上，R. padi 的寿命和后代总数减少。健康的蚜虫和感染 R. padi 病毒的蚜虫也受到类似的影响。以 150μM 的浓度向营养液中喷洒或添加硫胺素，或使植物接触 4mM 的硫胺素气味，同样导致蚜虫种群增长减少到约 60%。当用大麦上的谷物蚜虫（Sitobion avenae F.）和豌豆上的豌豆蚜（Acyrthosiphon pisum H.）测试时，硫胺素处理也导致蚜虫种群增长减少。使用人工饲料和嗅觉计测试分别评估，硫胺素对蚜虫繁殖或硫胺素气味对蚜虫行为没有直接影响。在受到蚜虫侵害后，受水杨酸调控的两个基因序列的转录丰度增加，而受茉莉酸甲酯调控的一个基因序列的转录丰度降低。这些结果表明，蚜虫的抗生性和抗生性作用可能与防御的启动有关，但需要进一步的研究来解释对蚜虫的影响。
