Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2013 Aug;154(2):226-33. doi: 10.1007/s12011-013-9732-6.
The aim of this study was to carry out biomonitoring with honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) to assess the presence of pesticides and heavy metals (cadmium, chromium, nickel, lead) in all of the ten nature reserves of the Marche Region (central–eastern Italy). The study was carried out during the spring and summer seasons when the honeybees were active, over 3 years (2008–2010). Twenty-two colonies of honeybees bred in hives were used. Samples of live and dead honeybees and of honey were collected from 11 sampling stations from May to October in each year. No pesticide pollution was found. Significant differences in heavy metal concentrations were found among years, months and sites, and in particular situations. The analysis reveals that high heavy-metal concentrations occurred exclusively in live honeybees. For the seasonal averages, the most detected heavy metal was chromium, which exceeded the threshold more often than for the other elements, followed by cadmium and lead; nickel never exceeded the threshold. The data are discussed with an evaluation of the natural and anthropic sources taken from the literature and from local situations that were likely to involve heavy metal pollution.
本研究的目的是通过对蜜蜂（Apis mellifera L.）进行生物监测，来评估意大利中东部马尔凯地区的十个自然保护区内所有地点是否存在农药和重金属（镉、铬、镍、铅）。该研究于 2008 年至 2010 年的春季和夏季蜜蜂活跃期间进行。使用了 22 个在蜂箱中繁殖的蜜蜂群。每年 5 月至 10 月在 11 个采样点采集了活体和死亡蜜蜂以及蜂蜜样本。未发现农药污染。重金属浓度在年份、月份和地点之间存在显著差异，在特定情况下也存在差异。分析表明，高浓度重金属仅存在于活体蜜蜂中。就季节性平均值而言，检测到的主要重金属是铬，其超标频率高于其他元素，其次是镉和铅；镍从未超标。这些数据是从文献和当地情况中评估自然和人为来源后进行讨论的，这些情况可能涉及重金属污染。
