Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments, LERRA, Sophia Antipolis, France.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2011 Jan;30(1):103-11. doi: 10.1002/etc.361.
The frequency of occurrence and relative concentration of 44 pesticides in apicultural (Apis mellifera) matrices collected from five French locations (24 apiaries) were assessed from 2002 to 2005. The number and nature of the pesticides investigated varied with the matrices examined-living honeybees, pollen loads, honey, and beeswax. Pollen loads and beeswax had the highest frequency of pesticide occurrence among the apiary matrices examined in the present study, whereas honey samples had the lowest. The imidacloprid group and the fipronil group were detected in sufficient amounts in all matrices to allow statistical comparisons. Some seasonal variation was shown when residues were identified in pollen loads. Given the results (highest frequency of presence) and practical aspects (easy to collect; matrix with no turnover, unlike with bees that are naturally renewed), pollen loads were the best matrix for assessing the presence of pesticide residues in the environment in our given conditions.
从 2002 年至 2005 年，在法国五个地点（24 个养蜂场）采集的养蜂（Apis mellifera）基质中，评估了 44 种农药的发生频率和相对浓度。在所研究的养蜂场基质中，研究的农药数量和性质因基质而异——活蜜蜂、花粉负荷、蜂蜜和蜂蜡。在本研究中，花粉负荷和蜂蜡在被检测的养蜂场基质中出现农药的频率最高，而蜂蜜样本的频率最低。在所有基质中都检测到了足够数量的吡虫啉组和氟虫腈组，以便进行统计比较。当在花粉负荷中鉴定出残留时，显示出一些季节性变化。鉴于结果（存在的最高频率）和实际情况（易于收集；与自然更新的蜜蜂不同，基质没有更替），在我们给定的条件下，花粉负荷是评估环境中农药残留存在的最佳基质。
