Psychon Bull Rev. 2013 Dec;20(6):1371-7. doi: 10.3758/s13423-013-0462-8.
Previous research has demonstrated that perceived self-motion can be manipulated by the relation between optic flow rate and walking rate. Other studies have revealed that verbal reports of perceived distance are influenced by the energy that would be expended to traverse the distance in question. In an effort to integrate these findings, we investigated how action-based distance judgments are influenced by multimodally specified energy expenditure (MSEE)--the metabolic cost associated with traversing an optically specified distance--using a virtual-reality treadmill environment. The energy expenditure associated with walking, measured as the volume of oxygen consumed, was manipulated by changing treadmill speed or grade. Optically specified distance was manipulated by changing the virtual optic flow rate. All three manipulations of MSEE (walking rate, grade, and optic flow rate) influenced distance reports in the predicted directions and to equivalent degrees.
先前的研究表明，感知到的自身运动可以通过光流率和行走速度之间的关系来操纵。其他研究表明，对感知距离的口头报告受到穿越特定距离所需消耗的能量的影响。为了整合这些发现，我们研究了基于动作的距离判断如何受到多模态指定能量消耗（MSEE）的影响，即与穿越光学指定距离相关的代谢成本，使用虚拟现实跑步机环境。通过改变跑步机速度或坡度来操纵与行走相关的能量消耗，测量为耗氧量。通过改变虚拟光流率来操纵光学指定的距离。MSEE 的所有三种操纵（行走速度、坡度和光流率）都以预期的方向和同等程度影响距离报告。
