Bogdan R, Pringle P, Goetz E, Pizzagalli DA
Harvard University, Dept. of Psychology, 33 Kirkland St., Cambridge, MA 02138.
Cognit Ther Res. 2012 Dec 1;36(6):827-832. doi: 10.1007/s10608-011-9413-8.
Illusion of control (IOC) refers to the perception that one has control over an outcome, that is, in actuality, uncontrollable; low IOC has been linked to depression. Prior studies in depression have mostly assessed IOC using paradigms involving positive outcomes, suggesting that IOC might be influenced by anhedonia. Recent evidence indicates that anhedonia, in turn, is linked to stress. To clarify such links, we examined putative relationships among perceived stress, anhedonia, and IOC (as assessed by a non-contingency task) in 63 participants. Perceived stress and anhedonia, but not general depressive symptoms, were associated with reduced IOC. Moreover, anhedonia fully mediated the relationship between stress perception and IOC, and perceived stress partially mediated the relationship between IOC and anhedonia. Findings suggest that (1) IOC is integrally related to hedonic capacity, (2) reward processing deficits may promote reduced IOC, and/or (3) a low IOC may promote depression via anhedonia-related mechanisms.
控制错觉（IOC）是指个体认为自己能够控制某一结果，而实际上该结果是不可控的；低控制错觉与抑郁症有关。先前关于抑郁症的研究大多使用涉及积极结果的范式来评估控制错觉，这表明控制错觉可能受快感缺乏的影响。最近的证据表明，快感缺乏反过来又与压力有关。为了阐明这些联系，我们在63名参与者中研究了感知压力、快感缺乏和控制错觉（通过非偶然性任务评估）之间的假定关系。感知压力和快感缺乏与控制错觉降低有关，但一般抑郁症状与控制错觉降低无关。此外，快感缺乏完全介导了压力感知与控制错觉之间的关系，而感知压力部分介导了控制错觉与快感缺乏之间的关系。研究结果表明：（1）控制错觉与享乐能力密切相关；（2）奖赏加工缺陷可能导致控制错觉降低，和/或（3）低控制错觉可能通过与快感缺乏相关的机制促进抑郁症的发生。
