Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK.
Behav Res Ther. 2009 May;47(5):374-81. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2009.01.016. Epub 2009 Jan 31.
Identifying patterns of biased cognitive processing specific to depression has proved difficult. The tripartite model of mood disorders [Clark, L. A., & Watson, D. (1991). Tripartite model of anxiety and depression: psychometric evidence and taxonomic implications. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100, 316-336] suggests that a clearer processing 'blueprint' may emerge if depression is viewed dimensionally rather than categorically and by focusing on variations in the degree of positive, rather than negative, processing bias. To investigate this possibility, the present study examined the extent to which a reduced positive self-judgment bias previously found in depressed individuals relates to depression-specific anhedonic symptoms. Sixty participants with varying levels of anxiety and depression symptoms evaluated their own performance on a working memory task in the absence of external feedback. Overall, participants showed a positive self-judgment bias, overestimating the number of trials they had performed correctly relative to objective criteria. Consistent with the tripartite framework, the extent of this positive self-judgment bias was significantly and uniquely related to depression-specific symptoms, with the positive bias reducing as anhedonia severity increased across three different symptom measures.
确定特定于抑郁症的偏见认知处理模式一直很困难。心境障碍的三分模型[Clark，L. A.，& Watson，D.（1991）。焦虑和抑郁的三分模型：心理测量证据和分类学意义。异常心理学杂志，100，316-336]表明，如果将抑郁症视为维度而不是类别，并关注积极处理偏差的程度而不是负面处理偏差的程度，可能会出现更清晰的处理“蓝图”。为了研究这种可能性，本研究考察了先前在抑郁症患者中发现的减少积极自我评价偏见的程度与抑郁症特定的快感缺失症状之间的关系。60 名具有不同程度焦虑和抑郁症状的参与者在没有外部反馈的情况下评估了自己在工作记忆任务中的表现。总体而言，参与者表现出积极的自我评价偏见，高估了他们相对于客观标准正确完成的试验次数。与三分框架一致，这种积极的自我评价偏见的程度与抑郁症特异性症状显著且独特相关，随着三种不同症状测量中快感缺失严重程度的增加，积极偏见会降低。
