Woods Nikki Keene, Chesser Amy K, Wipperman Jennifer
Wichita State University, Wichita, KS, USA.
J Prim Care Community Health. 2013 Oct;4(4):307-10. doi: 10.1177/2150131913487380. Epub 2013 May 12.
Breastfeeding is a potential solution to improve health outcomes for adolescent mothers and infants. Adolescence is a risk factor for low breastfeeding rates and is associated with a higher risk for perinatal complication. This study investigated facilitators and barriers to adolescent breastfeeding initiation and duration in an urban setting.
Four, 1-hour focus groups were conducted. Twenty-nine (N = 29) adolescent mothers and pregnant adolescents participated and described attitudes toward breastfeeding, attitudes among family and friends, current knowledge, and barriers and facilitators for breastfeeding.
Four themes emerged, including the following: behavioral histories of breastfeeding, community assets, social support, and barriers. Participants identified positive histories and community resources such as local hospitals and social services as facilitators. Lifestyle, independence, lack of support from family and primary care providers, social stigma/embarrassment, and difficulty with breastfeeding techniques were described as barriers.
A comprehensive and integrated primary care and public health community effort is needed to support and improve adolescent breastfeeding. Further examination of integrated interventions focused on adolescent breastfeeding behaviors through an environmental approach is needed.
母乳喂养是改善青少年母亲和婴儿健康结局的一种潜在解决方案。青春期是母乳喂养率低的一个风险因素，并且与围产期并发症的较高风险相关。本研究调查了城市环境中青少年开始母乳喂养及持续母乳喂养的促进因素和障碍。
开展了4个1小时的焦点小组讨论。29名青少年母亲和怀孕青少年参与其中，描述了她们对母乳喂养的态度、家人和朋友的态度、当前的知识以及母乳喂养的障碍和促进因素。
出现了四个主题，包括以下内容：母乳喂养的行为史、社区资源、社会支持和障碍。参与者将积极的历史和社区资源（如当地医院和社会服务）确定为促进因素。生活方式、独立性、缺乏家人和初级保健提供者的支持、社会耻辱感/尴尬以及母乳喂养技巧困难被描述为障碍。
需要初级保健和公共卫生社区进行全面和综合的努力，以支持和改善青少年母乳喂养。需要通过环境方法进一步研究针对青少年母乳喂养行为的综合干预措施。
