Vietnamese American Medical Research Foundation, 14971 Brookhurst Street, Westminster, CA 92683, USA.
Nutr J. 2013 Jun 25;12:89. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-12-89.
The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity are considered an important public issue in the United States, and both of these conditions are increasing among both children and adults. There is evidence of aberrations in the vitamin D-endocrine system in obese subjects. Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in patients with obesity, and many studies have demonstrated the significant effect of calcitriol on adipocytes. Genetic studies have provided an opportunity to determine which proteins link vitamin D to obesity pathology, including the vitamin D receptor, toll-like receptors, the renin-angiotensin system, apolipoprotein E, vascular endothelial growth factor, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1. Vitamin D also exerts its effect on obesity through cell-signaling mechanisms, including matrix metalloproteinases, mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, prostaglandins, reactive oxygen species, and nitric oxide synthase.In conclusion, vitamin D may have a role in obesity. The best form of vitamin D for use in the obese individuals is calcitriol because it is the active form of the vitamin D₃ metabolite, its receptors are present in adipocytes, and modulates inflammatory cytokine expression.
超重和肥胖的流行率被认为是美国的一个重要公共问题，儿童和成人的超重和肥胖率都在上升。肥胖患者的维生素 D 内分泌系统存在异常，肥胖患者维生素 D 缺乏的发生率很高，许多研究表明骨化三醇对脂肪细胞有显著作用。遗传研究为确定将维生素 D 与肥胖病理联系起来的蛋白质提供了机会，包括维生素 D 受体、 toll 样受体、肾素-血管紧张素系统、载脂蛋白 E、血管内皮生长因子和多聚（ADP-核糖）聚合酶-1。维生素 D 还通过细胞信号转导机制对肥胖发挥作用，包括基质金属蛋白酶、有丝分裂原激活蛋白激酶途径、还原型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸、前列腺素、活性氧和一氧化氮合酶。总之，维生素 D 可能在肥胖中发挥作用。用于肥胖个体的最佳维生素 D 形式是骨化三醇，因为它是维生素 D₃代谢物的活性形式，其受体存在于脂肪细胞中，并调节炎症细胞因子的表达。
