Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l'Alimentation, de l'Environnement et du Travail (ANSES), Université Européenne de Bretagne, Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané, Zoopole les Croix, F-22440 Ploufragan, France.
Vet J. 2013 Nov;198(2):398-403. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.05.030. Epub 2013 Jun 22.
Histomoniasis in turkeys can be prevented by administering paromomycin sulfate, an aminoglycoside antimicrobial agent, in feed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of in-feed paromomycin sulfate supplementation on the antimicrobial resistance of intestinal bacteria in turkeys. Twelve flocks of breeder turkeys were administered 100 ppm paromomycin sulfate from hatching to day 120; 12 flocks not supplemented with paromomycin were used as controls. Faecal samples were collected monthly from days 0 to 180. The resistance of Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecium and Staphylococcus aureus to paramomycin and other antimicrobial agents was compared in paromomycin supplemented (PS) and unsupplemented (PNS) flocks. E. coli from PS birds had a significantly higher frequency of resistance to paromomycin, neomycin and kanamycin until 1 month after the end of supplementation compared to PNS birds. Resistance to amoxicillin or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was also more frequent in PS turkeys. Resistance was mainly due to the presence of aph genes, which could be transmitted by conjugation, sometimes with streptomycin, tetracycline, amoxicillin, trimethoprim or sulfonamide resistance genes. Resistance to kanamycin and streptomycin in E. faecium was significantly different in PS and PNS breeders on days 60 and 90. Significantly higher frequencies of resistance to paromomycin, kanamycin, neomycin and tobramycin were observed in S. aureus isolates from PS birds. Paromomycin supplementation resulted in resistance to aminoglycosides in bacteria of PS turkeys. Co-selection for resistance to other antimicrobial agents was observed in E. coli isolates.
在饲料中添加氨基糖苷类抗生素硫酸帕霉素可以预防火鸡组织滴虫病。本研究旨在评估在饲料中添加硫酸帕霉素对火鸡肠道细菌的抗菌药物耐药性的影响。从孵化到 120 日龄，12 个火鸡种鸡群每天喂食 100ppm 的硫酸帕霉素；另外 12 个种鸡群不添加硫酸帕霉素作为对照。从 0 日龄到 180 日龄，每月收集粪便样本。比较添加和未添加硫酸帕霉素的鸡群中大肠杆菌、屎肠球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌对帕霉素和其他抗菌药物的耐药性。与未添加硫酸帕霉素的鸡群相比，添加硫酸帕霉素的鸡群中，粪便中分离出的大肠杆菌在补充后 1 个月内对帕霉素、新霉素和卡那霉素的耐药性显著更高。添加硫酸帕霉素的火鸡对阿莫西林或复方磺胺甲噁唑的耐药性也更为常见。耐药性主要是由于 aph 基因的存在，这些基因可以通过接合传递，有时还与链霉素、四环素、阿莫西林、甲氧苄啶或磺胺类药物耐药基因一起传递。在 60 日龄和 90 日龄时，添加硫酸帕霉素的种鸡和未添加硫酸帕霉素的种鸡中屎肠球菌对卡那霉素和链霉素的耐药性有显著差异。与未添加硫酸帕霉素的鸡群相比，添加硫酸帕霉素的鸡群中金黄色葡萄球菌分离株对帕霉素、卡那霉素、新霉素和妥布霉素的耐药性频率显著更高。硫酸帕霉素的添加导致了添加硫酸帕霉素的火鸡肠道细菌对氨基糖苷类药物的耐药性。在大肠杆菌分离株中观察到对其他抗菌药物耐药性的共同选择。
