Leung Fw, Cheung R, Fan Rs, Fischer Ls, Friedland S, Ho Sb, Hsieh Yh, Hung I, Li Mk, Matsui S, McQuaid Kr, Ohning G, Ojuri A, Sato T, Shergill Ak, Shoham Ma, Simons Tc, Walter Mh, Yen A
Gastroenterology, Sepulveda ACC, VAGLAHS, North Hills, CA, United States ; Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
J Interv Gastroenterol. 2012 Jul;2(3):122-125. doi: 10.4161/jig.23732. Epub 2012 Jul 1.
The growing popularity of water immersion is supported by its long history as an adjunct to air insufflation; after facilitating colonoscope passage, the infused water is conveniently removed during withdrawal. Water exchange, a modification of water immersion to minimize discomfort in scheduled unsedated patients in the U.S. is new. Even though it may be superior in reducing pain and increasing adenoma detection, the paradigm shift to complete exclusion of air during insertion necessitates removal of infused water containing residual feces, a step often perceived as laborious and time-consuming. The nuances are the efficient steps to remove infused water predominantly during insertion to maintain minimal distension and deliver salvage cleansing. Mastery of the novel maneuvers with practice returns insertion time towards baseline. In this observational study the impact of direct verbal coaching on the primary outcome of intention-to-treat cecal intubation was assessed. The results showed that 14 of 19 (74%) experienced colonoscopists achieved 100% intention-to-treat cecal intubation. Initiation of the examination with water exchange did not preclude completion when conversion to the more familiar air insufflation method was deemed necessary to achieve cecal intubation (total 98%). The overall intention-to-treat cecal intubation rate was 88%, 90% in male and 87% in female. Only 2.7% of bowel preparation was rated as poor during withdrawal. The mean volume of water infused and cecal intubation time was 1558 ml and 18 min, respectively. Direct coaching appears to facilitate understanding of the nuances of the water exchange method. Studies of individual learning curves are necessary.
水灌肠法作为空气注入辅助手段历史悠久,这也使得其越来越受欢迎;在促进结肠镜通过后,注入的水在退镜时可方便地排出。水交换法是水灌肠法的一种改进,旨在将美国未使用镇静剂的预定患者的不适感降至最低,这是一种新方法。尽管它在减轻疼痛和提高腺瘤检出率方面可能更具优势,但插入过程中完全排除空气的范式转变需要清除含有残留粪便的注入水,这一步骤通常被认为既费力又耗时。其中的细微差别在于,主要在插入过程中高效排出注入的水,以保持最小程度的扩张并进行挽救性清洁。通过练习掌握这些新操作可使插入时间恢复到基线水平。在这项观察性研究中,评估了直接言语指导对意向性盲肠插管这一主要结果的影响。结果显示,19名(74%)经验丰富的结肠镜检查医师中有14名实现了100%的意向性盲肠插管。当认为有必要转换为更熟悉的空气注入方法以实现盲肠插管时(总体为98%),用水交换法开始检查并不妨碍完成检查。总体意向性盲肠插管率为88%,男性为90%,女性为87%。退镜过程中只有2.7%的肠道准备被评为差。注入水的平均量和盲肠插管时间分别为1558毫升和18分钟。直接指导似乎有助于理解水交换法的细微差别。有必要对个体学习曲线进行研究。