1 Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Division of Epidemiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine , Richmond, Virginia.
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2013 Nov;22(11):947-52. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2012.4222. Epub 2013 Jun 29.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is defined as physical, sexual, or psychological harm that can be perpetrated by a former/current spouse. IPV has been linked to adverse health outcomes and risky behaviors, and victims of IPV tend to need more healthcare overall than nonvictims of IPV. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between IPV and preventive screening among women.
The study used data from eight states/territories, which collected IPV information in the 2006 and 2007 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (n=30,182). IPV and preventive screening for HIV, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, cholesterol, and breast cancer were determined by self-report. Multivariable logistic regression models provided adjusted estimates of odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Approximately one in four women reported a history of lifetime IPV. Relative to those who did not report a history of IPV, IPV victims were twice as likely to have had an HIV test (aOR: 2.34; 95% CI: 2.06 to 2.66) or a breast exam (aOR: 1.76; 95% CI: 1.37 to 2.27). IPV victims are vigilant about certain screening practices related to sexual health (HIV testing) and passive screening (breast exam) compared to active screening.
The strongest association between IPV and preventive screening was seen for HIV testing, which likely reflects the women's perceived risk for HIV infection. That these women are in contact with the healthcare system provides support for recommendations for widespread adoption of IPV screening and counseling.
亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）是指前/现任配偶可能实施的身体、性或心理伤害。IPV 与不良健康后果和危险行为有关，而且 IPV 的受害者总体上比非 IPV 受害者需要更多的医疗保健。本研究的目的是确定 IPV 与妇女预防性筛查之间的关联。
该研究使用了来自八个州/地区的数据，这些数据在 2006 年和 2007 年的行为风险因素监测系统中收集了 IPV 信息（n=30,182）。通过自我报告确定了 IPV 和 HIV、宫颈癌、结直肠癌、胆固醇和乳腺癌的预防性筛查情况。多变量逻辑回归模型提供了优势比（aOR）和 95%置信区间（CI）的调整估计值。
大约四分之一的女性报告有过一生中遭受 IPV 的经历。与没有报告 IPV 经历的女性相比，IPV 受害者进行 HIV 检测的可能性是其两倍（aOR：2.34；95% CI：2.06 至 2.66）或进行乳房检查的可能性是其两倍（aOR：1.76；95% CI：1.37 至 2.27）。与主动筛查相比，IPV 受害者对与性健康（HIV 检测）和被动筛查（乳房检查）相关的某些筛查实践更加警惕。
IPV 与预防性筛查之间的最强关联是 HIV 检测，这可能反映了女性对 HIV 感染的感知风险。这些女性与医疗保健系统保持联系，这支持了广泛采用 IPV 筛查和咨询的建议。
