Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2013 Aug;28(12):2581-92. doi: 10.1177/0886260513497312.
While victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) have increased risk of chronic disease, little is known about their preventive screening behaviors. The objective of this study was to relate IPV to health status, chronic disease, and preventive screening behaviors. We hypothesized that women who reported poorer health statuses, higher rates of HIV, no primary care, and less-frequent HIV testing, breast exams, and Pap smears would be more likely to experience IPV. Adult females who presented to three Emergency Departments (EDs) on weekdays from 11:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. over a 14-month period were asked to participate in a computerized survey. Women were excluded if they were critically ill, did not speak English, intoxicated, or psychotic. Validated measures were used, including the Universal Violence Prevention Screen and the Short Form-12. Patients were asked about their health statuses, HIV statuses, and testing, if they had a regular doctor, and how often they had received pap smears and breast exams. Logistic regression modeling was used to test associations between IPV and the predictor variables, adjusting for age, employment, and education. Out of 3,381 approached, 1,474 women (43.6%) agreed to be surveyed. Age averaged 39 years ± 12.3 (range = 18-65), and most participants were Black (n = 722, 86.8%). One hundred and fifty-three out of 832 women (18.4%) who had been in a relationship the previous year had experienced IPV. Compared with HIV-negative women, those with HIV were 5 times more likely to suffer IPV (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 5.113, p = .001), and women who were not sure of their HIV status were 9 times more likely to experience IPV (AOR = 8.818, p < .001). Women who performed monthly self-breast exams were 53% less likely to experience IPV as those who rarely examined themselves (AOR = 0.470, p = .010). Women who have HIV or are unsure of their status and those who rarely perform self-breast exams are at increased risk of IPV.
虽然亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）的受害者有更高的患慢性病风险，但他们的预防性筛查行为却知之甚少。本研究的目的是探讨 IPV 与健康状况、慢性病和预防性筛查行为之间的关系。我们假设报告健康状况较差、HIV 感染率较高、没有初级保健医生、HIV 检测、乳房检查和巴氏涂片检查频率较低的女性更有可能经历 IPV。在 14 个月的时间里，每个工作日上午 11 点至下午 7 点，有 3 名急诊室的成年女性被邀请参与一项计算机化调查。如果患者病情危急、不会说英语、醉酒或精神错乱，则将其排除在外。使用了经过验证的测量方法，包括通用暴力预防筛查和简明健康状况调查问卷 12 项。患者被问及他们的健康状况、HIV 状况和检测情况、是否有固定医生以及多久接受一次巴氏涂片检查和乳房检查。使用逻辑回归模型测试 IPV 与预测变量之间的关联，同时调整年龄、就业和教育因素。在 3381 名被调查者中，有 1474 名女性（43.6%）同意接受调查。年龄平均为 39 岁±12.3 岁（范围 18-65 岁），大多数参与者为黑人（n=722，86.8%）。在过去一年中有过恋爱关系的 832 名女性中，有 153 名（18.4%）经历过 IPV。与 HIV 阴性女性相比，HIV 阳性女性遭受 IPV 的可能性是其 5 倍（调整后的优势比 [AOR]=5.113，p=0.001），而不确定 HIV 状况的女性遭受 IPV 的可能性是其 9 倍（AOR=8.818，p<.001）。每月进行自我乳房检查的女性遭受 IPV 的可能性比很少进行自我检查的女性低 53%（AOR=0.470，p=0.010）。患有 HIV 或不确定其状况的女性以及很少进行自我乳房检查的女性，遭受 IPV 的风险增加。
