Department of Paediatrics, University of Chieti, Via dei Vestini 5, 66100 Chieti, Italy; Clinical Research Center, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy.
Department of Paediatrics, University of Chieti, Via dei Vestini 5, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2014 Jan;24(1):75-82. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2013.04.005. Epub 2013 Jun 25.
The Mediterranean diet has been recognised as having a protective role on the cardiovascular system due to its low lipid and high antioxidant content. Lipid profile and oxidant status represent two important risk factors related to endothelial dysfunction, even at early stages of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of a 12-month Mediterranean diet on the variation of lipid profile and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in pre-pubertal hypercholesterolaemic children.
We performed a cross-sectional study comparing lipid profile and cIMT in a group of 68 pre-pubertal children (36 with hypercholesterolaemia and 32 controls). In addition, in the hypercholesterolaemic children a 12-month intervention programme with a Mediterranean diet was started to evaluate the variation of lipid profile and cIMT. At baseline, hypercholesterolaemic children showed a significantly higher cIMT (both right and left carotid artery) compared to controls (both p < 0.05). After 12 months of diet intervention, a significant reduction of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and cIMT was documented (all p < 0.05). Furthermore, at the end of follow-up, delta body mass index-Standard Deviation score and delta LDL-cholesterol were significantly and independently related to the changes of cIMT (both p < 0.05).
The Mediterranean diet represents a valid approach in the treatment of hypercholesterolaemia even during childhood.
地中海饮食因脂质含量低、抗氧化剂含量高，对心血管系统具有保护作用，已被认为具有保护作用。脂质谱和氧化状态是与内皮功能障碍相关的两个重要危险因素，即使在心血管疾病的早期阶段也是如此。本研究旨在评估 12 个月的地中海饮食对青春期前高胆固醇血症儿童脂质谱和颈动脉内膜中层厚度（cIMT）变化的影响。
我们进行了一项横断面研究，比较了一组 68 名青春期前儿童（36 名高胆固醇血症和 32 名对照组）的脂质谱和 cIMT。此外，在高胆固醇血症儿童中开始了为期 12 个月的地中海饮食干预计划，以评估脂质谱和 cIMT 的变化。在基线时，高胆固醇血症儿童的 cIMT（右侧和左侧颈动脉）明显高于对照组（均 p < 0.05）。经过 12 个月的饮食干预，总胆固醇、LDL-胆固醇和 cIMT 均显著降低（均 p < 0.05）。此外，在随访结束时，体重指数标准差得分和 LDL-胆固醇的变化与 cIMT 的变化显著相关（均 p < 0.05）。
地中海饮食是治疗儿童高胆固醇血症的有效方法。
