Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical University, Saitama International Medical Center, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka City, Saitama 350-1298, Japan.
Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2013 Apr;27(2):171-86. doi: 10.1016/j.bpg.2013.03.010.
The term 'early squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus', which was previously restricted to superficial carcinoma with no lymph node metastasis, now encompasses intramucosal carcinoma regardless of the nodal status. Such lesions are rare in Western countries, where the experience is limited. In recent years, the development and greater use of chromoendoscopy and narrow band imaging (NBI), both of which facilitate the evaluation of mucosal morphology, have played an important role in the detection of early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. In addition, the techniques and indications of endoscopic resection (mucosal resection [EMR] and mucosal dissection [ESD]) are still being refined. In the present article, we will discuss the clinical and pathologic features of esophageal early squamous cell carcinoma, as well as the epidemiology and aetiology of esophageal cancer in general. In addition, we will provide a therapeutic decision tree taking into account endoscopic and surgical modalities as they apply to early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
术语“食管早期鳞状细胞癌”以前仅限于无淋巴结转移的浅表癌，但现在不论淋巴结状态如何，都包括黏膜内癌。在西方国家，这种病变很少见，经验也有限。近年来，由于 chromoendoscopy 和 narrow band imaging（NBI）的发展和更广泛的应用，这两种方法都有助于评估黏膜形态，在检测早期食管鳞状细胞癌方面发挥了重要作用。此外，内镜切除（黏膜切除术[EMR]和黏膜剥离术[ESD]）的技术和适应证仍在不断完善。在本文中，我们将讨论食管早期鳞状细胞癌的临床和病理特征，以及食管癌的一般流行病学和病因。此外，我们将提供一个治疗决策树，考虑到内镜和手术方式适用于早期食管鳞状细胞癌。
