Duckworth Ralph M
Centre for Oral Health Research, School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Monogr Oral Sci. 2013;23:125-39. doi: 10.1159/000350590. Epub 2013 Jun 28.
Modern commercial toothpastes contain therapeutic ingredients to combat various oral conditions, for example, caries, gingivitis, calculus and tooth stain. The efficient delivery and retention of such ingredients in the mouth is essential for good performance. The aim of this chapter is to review the literature on the oral pharmacokinetics of, primarily, fluoride but also other active ingredients, mainly anti-plaque agents. Elevated levels of fluoride have been found in saliva, plaque and the oral soft tissues after use of fluoridated toothpaste, which persist at potentially active concentrations for hours. Both experiment and mathematical modelling suggest that the soft tissues are the main oral reservoir for fluoride. Qualitatively similar observations have been made for anti-plaque agents such as triclosan and metal cations, though their oral substantivity is generally greater. Scope for improved retention and subsequent efficacy exists.
现代商业牙膏含有治疗成分，用于对抗各种口腔疾病，例如龋齿、牙龈炎、牙结石和牙渍。这些成分在口腔中的有效递送和保留对于良好的性能至关重要。本章的目的是综述主要关于氟化物以及其他活性成分（主要是抗牙菌斑剂）的口腔药代动力学的文献。使用含氟牙膏后，在唾液、牙菌斑和口腔软组织中发现氟化物水平升高，且在数小时内持续保持潜在的活性浓度。实验和数学模型均表明，软组织是氟化物在口腔中的主要储存库。对于三氯生和金属阳离子等抗牙菌斑剂也有定性相似的观察结果，尽管它们的口腔亲合力通常更强。仍有提高保留率及后续功效的空间。
