Department of Women's Health Educational System, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, N15, W7, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan.
Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:130362. doi: 10.1155/2013/130362. Epub 2013 Jun 11.
Although clinical trials of molecular therapies targeting critical biomarkers (mTOR, epidermal growth factor receptor/epidermal growth factor receptor 2, and vascular endothelial growth factor) in endometrial cancer show modest effects, there are still challenges that might remain regarding primary/acquired drug resistance and unexpected side effects on normal tissues. New studies that aim to target both genetic and epigenetic alterations (noncoding microRNA) underlying malignant properties of tumor cells and to specifically attack tumor cells using cell surface markers overexpressed in tumor tissue are emerging. More importantly, strategies that disrupt the cancer stem cell/epithelial-mesenchymal transition-dependent signals and reactivate antitumor immune responses would bring new hope for complete elimination of all cell compartments in endometrial cancer. We briefly review the current status of molecular therapies tested in clinical trials and mainly discuss the potential therapeutic candidates that are possibly used to develop more effective and specific therapies against endometrial cancer progression and metastasis.
尽管针对子宫内膜癌中关键生物标志物（mTOR、表皮生长因子受体/表皮生长因子受体 2 和血管内皮生长因子）的分子治疗的临床试验显示出适度的效果，但仍存在原发性/获得性药物耐药性和对正常组织产生意外副作用等挑战。新的研究旨在针对肿瘤细胞恶性特性的遗传和表观遗传改变（非编码 microRNA），并使用在肿瘤组织中过度表达的细胞表面标志物特异性攻击肿瘤细胞。更重要的是，破坏癌症干细胞/上皮-间充质转化依赖性信号并重新激活抗肿瘤免疫反应的策略将为彻底消除子宫内膜癌中所有细胞区室带来新的希望。我们简要回顾了临床试验中测试的分子治疗的现状，并主要讨论了可能用于开发更有效和更特异的针对子宫内膜癌进展和转移的治疗方法的潜在治疗候选物。
