Banchero N, Cruz J, Bustinza J
Respir Physiol. 1975 Apr;23(3):361-70. doi: 10.1016/0034-5687(75)90087-0.
Using previously inserted catheters, 11 dogs native to high altitude (7.5-23 kg bwt) were studied standing and unsedated in Cerro de Pasco, Peru at 4350 meters. Hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), O2 and CO2 contents, PO2, PCO2 and pH were measured in simultaneously obtained arterial and mixed venous blood samples. Blood pressures were measured in the pulmonary artery and the left ventricle and cardiac output (Q) was determined by dye dilution. Moderately higher values for Hb and Hct were found in these dogs. Hb-O2 affinity was no different than that found in sea level dogs: the P50 in the Andean dogs was 31.6 mm Hg at 38 degrees C and pH of 7.4. Because of the low barometric pressure at 4350 m (458 mmHg) the partial pressures of oxygen in inspired and in alveolar air were lower than at sea level: 84.3 and 56.4 mm Hg, respectively. PAO2 and PVO2, were 55.5 and 32.9 mm Hg while the SAO2 and SVO2 were 79.5 and 50.7%, respectively. Marked hyperventilation was observed (PACO2, 25.6 mm Hg) however, pH was normal. Cardiac output was normal (average 162 plus or minus 39 ml/min/kg). Moderate pulmonary arterial hypertension was observed in the presence of normal left ventricular end diastolic pressure suggesting increased pulmonary vascular resistance.
利用先前插入的导管，对11只原产于高海拔地区（体重7.5 - 23千克）的犬进行了研究。这些犬在秘鲁塞罗德帕斯科海拔4350米的地方站立且未使用镇静剂。在同时采集的动脉血和混合静脉血样本中测量了血红蛋白（Hb）、血细胞比容（Hct）、氧气和二氧化碳含量、氧分压（PO2）、二氧化碳分压（PCO2）以及pH值。测量了肺动脉和左心室的血压，并通过染料稀释法测定心输出量（Q）。发现这些犬的Hb和Hct值略高。Hb与氧气的亲和力与海平面犬无异：安第斯犬在38摄氏度、pH值为7.4时的P50为31.6毫米汞柱。由于4350米处的大气压低（458毫米汞柱），吸入气和肺泡气中的氧分压低于海平面：分别为84.3毫米汞柱和56.4毫米汞柱。动脉血氧分压（PAO2）和静脉血氧分压（PVO2）分别为55.5毫米汞柱和32.9毫米汞柱，而动脉血氧饱和度（SAO2）和静脉血氧饱和度（SVO2）分别为79.5%和50.7%。然而，观察到明显的过度通气（肺泡二氧化碳分压[PACO2]为25.6毫米汞柱），但pH值正常。心输出量正常（平均为162±39毫升/分钟/千克）。在左心室舒张末期压力正常的情况下观察到中度肺动脉高压，提示肺血管阻力增加。
