The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan,
Cytotechnology. 2013 Dec;65(6):967-71. doi: 10.1007/s10616-013-9591-1. Epub 2013 Jul 5.
The demonstration that the "dedifferentiation" of cells commonly observed in the early days of tissue culture was due to selective overgrowth of fibroblasts led to enrichment culture techniques (alternate animal and culture passage) designed to give a selective advantage to functionally differentiated tumor cells. These experiments resulted in the derivation of a large number of functionally differentiated clonal strains of a range of cell types. These results gave rise to the hypothesis that cells in culture accurately represent cells in vivo but without the complex in vivo environment. This concept has been strengthened with the development of hormonally defined culture media in combination with functionally differentiated clonal cell lines, which have augmented the potential of tissue culture studies. The use of hormonally defined media in place of serum-supplemented media demonstrates that hormonal responses and dependencies can be discovered in culture. Discoveries of hormonal dependencies of cancer cells has led to therapies targeting intracellular signaling pathways while discoveries of hormonal responses of pluripotent cells are helping to identify the potential application of stem cells. In these and other ways tissue culture technology will continue to contribute to solving problems of human health.
该演示表明，组织培养早期常见的细胞“去分化”是由于成纤维细胞的选择性过度生长所致，这导致了富集培养技术（交替使用动物和培养传代）的设计，旨在为功能分化的肿瘤细胞提供选择性优势。这些实验导致了大量功能分化的克隆株系的衍生，涵盖了多种细胞类型。这些结果提出了这样的假设，即在培养中的细胞准确地代表了体内的细胞，但没有复杂的体内环境。随着具有功能分化的克隆细胞系的激素定义培养介质的发展，这一概念得到了加强，这增加了组织培养研究的潜力。用激素定义的培养基代替血清补充的培养基表明，可以在培养中发现激素反应和依赖性。对癌细胞的激素依赖性的发现导致了针对细胞内信号通路的治疗方法，而对多能细胞的激素反应的发现有助于确定干细胞的潜在应用。通过这些和其他方式，组织培养技术将继续有助于解决人类健康问题。
