University Centre for Rural Health, University of Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia.
BMJ Open. 2013 Jul 6;3(7). doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-003128. Print 2013.
This paper aimed to explore the association between rurality and (1) household smoking status and (2) home second-hand smoke exposure, in households with children aged 0-14 years.
Cross-sectional study.
Households across Australia.
Households across the country were randomly selected to provide a nationally representative sample. Respondents were persons aged 12 years or older in each household who were next going to celebrate their birthday.
Household smoking status and smoking inside the home.
The 2010 Australian National Drug Strategy Household survey data were analysed to explore the prevalence of household smoking and home second-hand smoke exposure in rural and urban households with children. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore the association of rurality with household smoking and with home second-hand smoke exposure, controlling for potential confounders.
Households with children were more likely to be smoking households (35.4%, 95% CI 34.2% to 36.5%) than households without children (32.1%, 95% CI 31.3% to 32.8%). Both household smoking (43.6% (95% CI 41.5% to 45.7%) vs 31.4% (95% CI 30.0% to 32.8%)) and home second-hand smoke exposure (8.0% (95% CI 6.8% to 9.1%) vs 5.2% (95% CI 4.5% to 5.8%)) were significantly more common for rural children. In multivariate analyses controlling for confounding factors, rurality remained associated with smoking households (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.37), whereas it did not remain associated with children's home second-hand smoke exposure (OR 1.07, 95% CI 0.85 to 1.35). Larger household size, low socioeconomic status and being a single-parent household were the main drivers of home second-hand smoke exposure.
The proportion of smoking households with children, and the number of children regularly exposed to second-hand smoke in their homes remain important public health concerns. Smoking cessation support and tobacco control policies might benefit from targeting larger and/or socioeconomically disadvantaged households including single-parent households.
本研究旨在探讨农村地区（1）家庭吸烟状况和（2）家庭内二手烟暴露与 0-14 岁儿童家庭之间的关联。
横断面研究。
澳大利亚各地的家庭。
从全国范围内随机选择家庭，以提供具有代表性的样本。每个家庭中即将庆祝生日的 12 岁及以上的人员为受访者。
家庭吸烟状况和家庭内吸烟情况。
分析 2010 年澳大利亚国家毒品策略家庭调查数据，以探讨农村和城市有儿童的家庭中家庭吸烟和家庭内二手烟暴露的流行率。多变量逻辑回归用于探讨农村地区与家庭吸烟和家庭内二手烟暴露的关联，同时控制潜在的混杂因素。
有儿童的家庭更有可能是吸烟家庭（35.4%，95%CI 34.2%至 36.5%），而没有儿童的家庭为 32.1%（95%CI 31.3%至 32.8%）。家庭吸烟（43.6%（95%CI 41.5%至 45.7%）比 31.4%（95%CI 30.0%至 32.8%））和家庭内二手烟暴露（8.0%（95%CI 6.8%至 9.1%）比 5.2%（95%CI 4.5%至 5.8%））在农村儿童中更为常见。在控制混杂因素的多变量分析中，农村地区与吸烟家庭相关（OR 1.21，95%CI 1.07 至 1.37），而与儿童家庭内二手烟暴露无关（OR 1.07，95%CI 0.85 至 1.35）。家庭规模较大、社会经济地位较低和单亲家庭是家庭内二手烟暴露的主要驱动因素。
有儿童的吸烟家庭比例以及经常在家中接触二手烟的儿童数量仍然是重要的公共卫生问题。戒烟支持和烟草控制政策可能受益于针对较大和/或社会经济劣势家庭，包括单亲家庭。
