Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiologyy, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada.
Cell Microbiol. 2013 Oct;15(10):1632-41. doi: 10.1111/cmi.12165. Epub 2013 Jul 26.
Cells monitor nutrient availability through several highly conserved pathways that include the mTOR signalling axis regulated by AKT/PI3K, HIF and AMPK, as well as the GCN2/eIF2α integrated stress response pathway that provides cellular adaptation to amino acid starvation. Recent evidence has identified a critical interplay between these nutrient sensing pathways and innate immunity to bacterial pathogens, viruses and parasites. These observations suggest that, in addition to the well-characterized pro-inflammatory signalling mediated by pattern recognition molecules, a metabolic stress programme contributes to shape the global response to pathogens.
细胞通过几种高度保守的途径来监测营养物质的可用性，其中包括 AKT/PI3K 调节的 mTOR 信号轴、HIF 和 AMPK，以及 GCN2/eIF2α 整合应激反应途径，为细胞适应氨基酸饥饿提供了适应能力。最近的证据表明，这些营养感应途径与先天免疫细菌病原体、病毒和寄生虫之间存在着关键的相互作用。这些观察结果表明，除了由模式识别分子介导的特征明确的促炎信号之外，代谢应激程序有助于塑造对病原体的整体反应。
