College of Psychology, Illinois Institute of Technology.
Psychiatr Rehabil J. 2013 Sep;36(3):173-9. doi: 10.1037/prj0000006. Epub 2013 Jul 8.
A major public health priority has been to eliminate stigma's egregious effects on life opportunities for people with mental illnesses. Research shows contact-based antistigma programs are among the most effective. Such findings call for clarity to define the components of consumer-directed antistigma programs. This article represents community-based participatory research (CBPR) and the first step of a mixed methods design to describe the active ingredients comprising these kinds of programs.
CBPR investigators developed an interview guide and subsequently facilitated four focus groups to identify key components. Participants included antistigma experts with lived experience. Using grounded theory, two independent raters identified 641 discrete themes. Two additional coders then sorted themes into constructs representing key ingredients of contact-based programs. Coders agreed upon 198 constructs and then grouped them into a hierarchical model of key ingredients in consumer-directed stigma change.
Five criteria represent indicators of successful consumer-directed programs: (a) program design-factors necessary for trained presenters to facilitate programs; (b) targeting-tailored presentation congruent with target's goal; (c) staffing-facilitators and leadership are diverse people with lived experience; (d) messaging-presentation discusses struggles and recovery from mental health challenges; and (e) follow-up and evaluation-assessment of sustained audience change.
This study identified key ingredients of consumer-directed antistigma programs. Part two of the mixed methods design, a quantitative cross-validation study, will yield a sound fidelity measure.
消除污名化对精神疾病患者生活机会的严重影响，这一直是一项重大的公共卫生重点。研究表明，基于接触的抗污名计划是最有效的方法之一。这些发现呼吁明确界定以消费者为导向的抗污名计划的组成部分。本文代表了基于社区的参与性研究（CBPR），是描述此类计划组成部分的混合方法设计的第一步。
CBPR 调查人员制定了访谈指南，随后主持了四个焦点小组，以确定关键组成部分。参与者包括有生活经验的反污名专家。使用扎根理论，两名独立的评估员确定了 641 个离散主题。然后，另外两名编码员将主题分类为代表基于接触的计划关键成分的结构。编码员就 198 个结构达成一致，然后将它们分组为消费者导向的污名变化关键成分的层次模型。
五个标准代表成功的以消费者为导向的计划的指标：（a）方案设计-培训有素的主持人需要具备的因素来促进方案；（b）目标定位-与目标一致的量身定制的演示；（c）人员配备-主持人和领导是具有生活经验的多元化人员；（d）信息传递-演示讨论心理健康挑战的挣扎和康复；（e）跟进和评估-评估观众的持续变化。
本研究确定了以消费者为导向的反污名计划的关键组成部分。混合方法设计的第二部分，即定量交叉验证研究，将产生一个合理的保真度测量。
