Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93042 Regensburg, Germany.
Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013 Oct;10(10):585-95. doi: 10.1038/nrgastro.2013.117. Epub 2013 Jul 9.
More than one-third of patients with IBD are affected by extraintestinal manifestations or extraintestinal complications beyond the intestinal manifestation of the disease. The most common manifestations include arthropathies, mucocutaneous and ophthalmological manifestations, as well as conditions affecting the hepatobiliary system, both in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. However, less frequent manifestations, such as pulmonary or neurological manifestations, should also be considered in patients with IBD. Several extraintestinal manifestations follow the course of the underlying intestinal activity, whereas others are independent from the intestinal inflammation. Extraintestinal complications such as iron-deficiency anaemia and osteoporosis are consequences of the intestinal disease or of disease-specific treatment. As extraintestinal manifestations and complications strongly influence quality of life, and to avoid severe complications, adequate treatment is mandatory in affected patients. We provide a comprehensive overview of different extraintestinal manifestations and complications, including their management, in patients with IBD.
超过三分之一的 IBD 患者受到肠道外表现或肠道外并发症的影响，这些表现超出了疾病的肠道表现。最常见的表现包括关节病、黏膜皮肤和眼部表现，以及影响肝胆系统的疾病，无论是在克罗恩病还是溃疡性结肠炎中。然而，在 IBD 患者中，也应考虑到不太常见的表现，如肺部或神经系统表现。一些肠道外表现遵循潜在肠道活动的过程，而另一些则与肠道炎症无关。缺铁性贫血和骨质疏松症等肠道外并发症是肠道疾病或疾病特异性治疗的后果。由于肠道外表现和并发症强烈影响生活质量，为了避免严重的并发症，患有这些疾病的患者必须进行充分的治疗。我们提供了 IBD 患者不同肠道外表现和并发症的全面概述，包括其管理。
