Institute of General Practice, Goethe, University Frankfurt, Germany.
Ann Fam Med. 2013 Jul-Aug;11(4):355-62. doi: 10.1370/afm.1500.
Knowledge about safety climate is fundamental to improving patient safety in health care organizations. Because individual and organizational factors influence the safety climate, we conducted a health care survey of German family practices so we could analyze the impact of the professional group, the professional experience of practice staff, and practice characteristics on perceptions of the safety climate.
We wrote to health care assistants and doctors in 1,800 randomly selected family practices in Germany and asked them to complete a newly developed and validated Frankfurt Patient Safety Climate Questionnaire. We conducted a descriptive analyses of items and climate factors, as well as regression analysis, to identify potential predictors of the safety climate in family practice.
The response rate from the participating practices was 36.1%. Safety climate was perceived to be generally positive with the exception of the factors of error management and perception of the causes of errors. We discovered that whether or not the entire team had taken part in the survey had a positive influence on most factors. Doctors had more positive perceptions of 4 of 7 factors addressed to both professions. Male participants and doctors showed the most willingness to admit they had made an error.
Though the safety climate in German family practices was positive overall, health care professionals' use of incident reporting and a system's approach to errors was fairly rare. When evaluating the safety climate in primary health care practices, respondents' individual characteristics, as well as organizational features, should be taken into account.
了解安全文化对于改善医疗机构的患者安全至关重要。由于个体和组织因素会影响安全文化，因此我们对德国的家庭医生诊所进行了一项医疗保健调查，以分析专业群体、实践员工的专业经验和实践特征对安全文化认知的影响。
我们给德国 1800 家随机选择的家庭诊所的医疗保健助理和医生写了信，请他们填写新开发并经过验证的法兰克福患者安全气候问卷。我们对项目和气候因素进行了描述性分析，以及回归分析，以确定家庭实践中安全气候的潜在预测因素。
参与调查的实践的回复率为 36.1%。除了错误管理和错误原因的感知这两个因素外，安全文化普遍被认为是积极的。我们发现，整个团队是否参与了调查对大多数因素都有积极的影响。医生对7 个针对两个专业的因素中的 4 个有更积极的看法。男性参与者和医生表现出更愿意承认自己犯了错误。
尽管德国家庭医生诊所的安全文化总体上是积极的，但医疗保健专业人员对事件报告和系统方法的使用相当罕见。在评估初级保健实践中的安全文化时，应考虑受访者的个人特征以及组织特征。
