Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, Oregon, USA.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2014 Feb;22(2):441-50. doi: 10.1002/oby.20563. Epub 2013 Sep 10.
Although soft drinks are heavily advertised, widely consumed, and have been associated with obesity, little is understood regarding neural responsivity to soft drink intake, anticipated intake, and advertisements.
Functional MRI was used to assess examine neural response to carbonated soft drink intake, anticipated intake and advertisement exposure as well as milkshake intake in 27 adolescents that varied on soft drink consumer status.
Intake and anticipated intake of carbonated Coke® activated regions implicated in gustatory, oral somatosensory, and reward processing, yet high-fat/sugar milkshake intake elicited greater activation in these regions vs. Coke intake. Advertisements highlighting the Coke product vs. nonfood control advertisements, but not the Coke logo, activated gustatory and visual brain regions. Habitual Coke consumers vs. nonconsumers showed greater posterior cingulate responsivity to Coke logo ads, suggesting that the logo is a conditioned cue. Coke consumers exhibited less ventrolateral prefrontal cortex responsivity during anticipated Coke intake relative to nonconsumers.
Results indicate that soft drinks activate reward and gustatory regions, but are less potent in activating these regions than high-fat/sugar beverages, and imply that habitual soft drink intake promotes hyper-responsivity of regions encoding salience/attention toward brand specific cues and hypo-responsivity of inhibitory regions while anticipating intake.
尽管软饮料被广泛宣传、大量消费，并与肥胖有关，但人们对软饮料摄入、预期摄入和广告的神经反应知之甚少。
功能性磁共振成像用于评估 27 名青少年对碳酸软饮料摄入、预期摄入和广告暴露以及奶昔摄入的神经反应，这些青少年在软饮料消费状况上存在差异。
碳酸可乐®的摄入和预期摄入激活了味觉、口腔体感和奖励处理相关的区域，而高脂肪/高糖奶昔的摄入比可乐摄入在这些区域引起了更大的激活。突出可乐产品的广告与非食品控制广告相比，而不是可乐标志，激活了味觉和视觉脑区。习惯性可乐消费者与非消费者相比，对可乐标志广告的后扣带回反应更大，表明标志是一种条件线索。与非消费者相比，习惯性可乐消费者在预期摄入可乐时，腹外侧前额叶皮质的反应性较低。
结果表明，软饮料激活了奖励和味觉区域，但在激活这些区域方面不如高脂肪/高糖饮料有效，这意味着习惯性软饮料摄入促进了对品牌特定线索的显著性/注意力编码区域的过度反应，以及在预期摄入时抑制区域的反应性降低。
