Ferril Geoffrey R, Wudel Justin M, Winkler Andrew A
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA.
Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2013 Aug;21(4):372-8. doi: 10.1097/MOO.0b013e3283628e40.
Alloplasts have long been used in rhinoplasty, but their use remains controversial. Many complications are associated with their implementation in rhinoplasty. This article elucidates these complications and provides recommendations for management.
Several recent articles have been published presenting experience and outcomes regarding alloplast use in rhinoplasty. In many of these studies, a specific section has been dedicated to outlining the complications encountered by the authors. Oftentimes, a short summary of the complications and their management is provided. By examining the data from these studies, one can conclude several things about the management of complications involving alloplastic implants in rhinoplasty: each case must be approached on an individual basis; clinical decision-making is dictated by physical exam findings and severity of the complication; removal of the implant must be strongly considered; and revision rhinoplasty after an alloplastic complication usually necessitates an autologous graft.
Alloplasts continue to be a controversial option in rhinoplasty. The surgeon must be cognizant of the risks and benefits of their use. A frank preoperative discussion of possible complications with the patient is important. Additionally, prompt recognition and appropriate management of complications is essential to minimize permanent sequelae.
异体材料长期以来一直用于鼻整形手术，但其应用仍存在争议。鼻整形术中使用异体材料会引发许多并发症。本文阐述了这些并发症并提供了处理建议。
最近发表了几篇文章，介绍了鼻整形术中使用异体材料的经验和结果。在许多这些研究中，都有专门的章节概述作者所遇到的并发症。通常还会提供并发症及其处理的简短总结。通过研究这些研究的数据，可以得出关于鼻整形术中异体植入物并发症处理的几点结论：每个病例都必须个体化处理；临床决策取决于体格检查结果和并发症的严重程度；必须认真考虑取出植入物；异体材料并发症后的鼻整形修复通常需要自体移植物。
异体材料在鼻整形术中仍然是一个有争议的选择。外科医生必须清楚其使用的风险和益处。术前与患者坦诚讨论可能的并发症很重要。此外，及时识别和妥善处理并发症对于将永久性后遗症降至最低至关重要。
