Lao Xiang Qian, Xu Yan Jun, Wong Martin Chi Sang, Zhang Yong Hui, Ma Wen Jun, Xu Xiao Jun, Cai Qiu Mao, Xu Hao Feng, Wei Xiao Lin, Tang Jin Ling, Griffiths Sian Meryl
Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China;
Guangdong Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, China;
Am J Hypertens. 2013 Nov;26(11):1335-45. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpt111. Epub 2013 Jul 11.
The aim of this study was to investigate trends in the distribution, prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in a Chinese population that has had the fastest growing gross domestic product in the world over the past 3 decades.
Four standardized cross-sectional health surveys were conducted between 2002 and 2010 in a population consisting of 85 million residents in Guangdong Province. Multistage cluster sampling was adopted to recruit representative samples. The data were obtained through on-site health examinations and face-to-face interviews.
The aging trend in this population was not significant (P = 0.17) during the survey period, whereas body mass index/waist circumference increased significantly (P = 0.047 for body mass index and P < 0.001 for waist circumference). The age-standardized prevalence of hypertension increased from 10.5% to 13.3%, averaging a 0.35% increase per year. A higher risk was observed in younger residents over the survey period. Awareness and treatment increased by 22.0% and 19.0%, respectively, in the rural areas, whereas there was no significant change in the urban area (the corresponding figures were 1.8% and -3.1%, respectively). There was no improvement in hypertension control (the age-standardized control prevalence in 2002 was 50.3%, whereas it was 43.2% in 2010).
The prevalence of hypertension increased slightly in this population with the fastest economic development. This increase mirrored the trend of increasing obesity. Awareness and treatment of hypertension have improved in the rural areas, although there were no significant changes in the urban areas. The prevalence of awareness and treatment remains at unacceptably low levels, suggesting that urgent and aggressive strategies are necessary to improve hypertension control and intervention.
本研究旨在调查中国一个在过去三十年里国内生产总值增长速度全球最快的人群中高血压的分布、患病率、知晓率、治疗率及控制率的变化趋势。
2002年至2010年期间，对广东省8500万居民进行了四次标准化横断面健康调查。采用多阶段整群抽样方法选取具有代表性的样本。通过现场健康检查和面对面访谈获取数据。
调查期间该人群的老龄化趋势不显著（P = 0.17），而体重指数/腰围显著增加（体重指数P = 0.047，腰围P < 0.001）。年龄标准化高血压患病率从10.5%升至13.3%，平均每年上升0.35%。在调查期间，较年轻居民的患病风险更高。农村地区的知晓率和治疗率分别提高了22.0%和19.0%，而城市地区无显著变化（相应数字分别为1.8%和 -3.1%）。高血压控制情况没有改善（2002年年龄标准化控制率为50.3%，2010年为43.2%）。
在这个经济发展最快的人群中，高血压患病率略有上升。这种上升反映了肥胖增加的趋势。农村地区高血压的知晓率和治疗率有所改善，而城市地区无显著变化。知晓率和治疗率仍处于令人无法接受的低水平，这表明需要采取紧急且积极的策略来改善高血压的控制和干预。
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