Fletcher Stephanie, Van Hal Sebastian, Andresen David, McLaws Mary-Louise, Stark Damien, Harkness John, Ellis John
The iThree Institute and School of Medical and Molecular Biosciences, University of Technology, Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW, Australia.
J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2013 Mar;3(1):11-21. doi: 10.1016/j.jegh.2012.11.004. Epub 2013 Jan 20.
There is limited information on the causes of paediatric diarrhoea in Sydney. This cross-sectional study used clinical and microbiological data to describe the clinical features and pathogens associated with gastrointestinal illnesses for children presenting to two major public hospitals in Sydney with diarrhoea, for the period January 2007-December 2010. Of 825 children who tested positive for an enteric pathogen, 430 medical records were reviewed. Adenovirus, norovirus and rotavirus were identified in 20.8%, 20.3% and 21.6% of reviewed cases, respectively. Younger children were more likely to have adenovirus and norovirus compared with rotavirus (P=0.001). More viruses were detected in winter than in the other three seasons (P=0.001). Rotavirus presented a distinct seasonal pattern with the lowest rates occurring in the warm months and peaking in the cooler months. Adenovirus showed a less consistent monthly trend, and norovirus detection increased in the cooler months (P=0.008). A decline in the number of rotavirus cases was observed after mid-2008. The majority of childhood diarrhoeal illnesses leading to hospital presentations in Sydney are caused by enteric viruses with most infections following clear seasonal patterns. However, a sustained decrease in the incidence of rotavirus infections has been observed over the study period.
关于悉尼小儿腹泻病因的信息有限。这项横断面研究利用临床和微生物学数据，描述了2007年1月至2010年12月期间，在悉尼两家主要公立医院因腹泻就诊的儿童胃肠道疾病的临床特征和相关病原体。在825名肠道病原体检测呈阳性的儿童中，对430份病历进行了回顾。在回顾的病例中，分别有20.8%、20.3%和21.6%的病例检测出腺病毒、诺如病毒和轮状病毒。与轮状病毒相比，年幼儿童感染腺病毒和诺如病毒的可能性更高（P = 0.001）。冬季检测到的病毒比其他三个季节更多（P = 0.001）。轮状病毒呈现出明显的季节性模式，在温暖月份发病率最低，在较凉爽月份达到峰值。腺病毒的月度趋势不太一致，诺如病毒在较凉爽月份的检测率增加（P = 0.008）。2008年年中后观察到轮状病毒病例数下降。在悉尼，导致住院的大多数儿童腹泻疾病是由肠道病毒引起的，大多数感染遵循明显的季节性模式。然而，在研究期间观察到轮状病毒感染发病率持续下降。
