Breiding Matthew J, Mercy James A, Gulaid Jama, Reza Avid, Hleta-Nkambule Nonhlanhla
Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, MS-F64, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2013 Jun;3(2):73-81. doi: 10.1016/j.jegh.2013.02.006. Epub 2013 Apr 6.
This study describes the scope and characteristics of childhood physical abuse in a nationally representative sample of 13-24 year-old females in Swaziland. The current study also examined health consequences and risk factors of childhood physical abuse.
The study utilized a two-stage cluster sampling design in order to conduct the household survey. Retrospective reports of childhood physical abuse and relevant risk factors were collected from 1292 females. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models examined associations between childhood physical abuse and both health consequences and risk factors.
Nearly 1 in 5 females in Swaziland has experienced childhood physical abuse in their lifetime, with nearly 1 in 20 having experienced abuse that was so severe that it required medical attention. A number of risk factors for lifetime childhood physical abuse were identified including: maternal death prior to age 13; having lived with three or more families during their childhood; and having experienced emotional abuse prior to age 13.
Preventing childhood physical abuse in Swaziland may be addressed through: promoting safe, stable, and nurturing relationships between children and their caretakers; addressing social norms that contribute to harsh physical punishment; and addressing underlying stressors associated with severe social and economic disadvantage.
本研究描述了斯威士兰全国具有代表性的13至24岁女性样本中儿童期身体虐待的范围和特征。本研究还调查了儿童期身体虐待对健康的影响以及风险因素。
本研究采用两阶段整群抽样设计进行家庭调查。从1292名女性中收集了儿童期身体虐待的回顾性报告及相关风险因素。双变量和多变量逻辑回归模型检验了儿童期身体虐待与健康后果及风险因素之间的关联。
在斯威士兰，近五分之一的女性一生中曾遭受过儿童期身体虐待，其中近二十分之一遭受过严重到需要医疗救治的虐待。确定了一些一生中遭受儿童期身体虐待的风险因素，包括：13岁之前母亲死亡；童年时期曾与三个或更多家庭生活在一起；13岁之前曾遭受情感虐待。
预防斯威士兰儿童期身体虐待可通过以下方式实现：促进儿童与其照顾者之间安全、稳定和关爱的关系；改变导致严厉体罚的社会规范；解决与严重社会和经济劣势相关的潜在压力源。
