Department of Psychiatry, Universal College of Medical Sciences, Bhairahawa, Nepal.
Indian J Psychiatry. 2013 Jan;55(Suppl 2):S165-70. doi: 10.4103/0019-5545.105517.
Four noble truths as preached by Buddha are that the life is full of suffering (Duhkha), that there is a cause of this suffering (Duhkha-samudaya), it is possible to stop suffering (Duhkha-nirodha), and there is a way to extinguish suffering (Duhkha-nirodha-marga). Eight fold Path (astangika-marga) as advocated by Buddha as a way to extinguish the sufferings are right views, right resolve/aspiration, right speech, right action/conduct, right livelihood, right effort right mindfulness and right concentration. Mid-twentieth century saw the collaborations between many psychoanalysts and Buddhist scholars as a meeting between "two of the most powerful forces" operating in the Western mind. Buddhism and Western Psychology overlap in theory and in practice. Over the last century, experts have written on many commonalities between Buddhism and various branches of modern western psychology like phenomenological psychology, psychoanalytical psychotherapy, humanistic psychology, cognitive psychology and existential psychology. Orientalist Alan Watts wrote 'if we look deeply into such ways of life as Buddhism, we do not find either philosophy or religion as these are understood in the West. We find something more nearly resembling psychotherapy'. Buddha was a unique psychotherapist. His therapeutic methods helped millions of people throughout the centuries. This essay is just an expression of what little the current author has understood on Buddha philosophy and an opportunity to offer his deep tribute to one of the greatest psychotherapists the world has ever produced!
人生充满苦难(苦)、苦难有其根源(苦因)、苦难可以止息(苦灭)以及灭苦之道(灭苦之道)。佛陀所倡导的八正道(八正道)是灭苦之道,包括正见、正思维/愿望、正语、正业/行为、正命、正精进、正念和正定。二十世纪中叶,许多精神分析学家和佛教学者之间的合作,被视为“西方思想中最强大的两种力量”的交汇。佛教与西方心理学在理论和实践上存在重叠。在上个世纪,专家们已经撰写了许多关于佛教与现代西方心理学各个分支之间的共同点,如现象学心理学、精神分析心理治疗、人本主义心理学、认知心理学和存在心理学。东方学家艾伦·瓦茨(Alan Watts)写道:“如果我们深入研究佛教等生活方式,我们在西方所理解的哲学或宗教都找不到。我们发现了一些更类似于心理治疗的东西。”佛陀是一位独特的心理治疗师。他的治疗方法在几个世纪帮助了数百万人。本文只是对作者对佛陀哲学的理解的一点表达,并向这位世界上最伟大的心理治疗师之一表示深深的敬意!