McCoy Mary A, Roper Carey, Campa Emily, Stephens-Stidham Shelli, Carlin Debra K, Istre Gregory R
Injury Prevention Center of Greater Dallas, , Dallas, Texas, USA.
Inj Prev. 2014 Apr;20(2):103-7. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2013-040824. Epub 2013 Jul 19.
To assess the functionality of lithium-powered smoke alarms that had been installed through a community-based programme called Operation Installation (OI).
A random sample was chosen of homes that had received smoke alarms through OI, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 years previously. Sampled homes were visited, and information collected included functional status of smoke alarms. For homes in the 6-, 8- and 10-year sample, smoke alarms were removed and tested for battery and alarm function.
800 homes were included in the survey results; 1884 smoke alarms had been installed through OI. The proportion of homes that had at least one functioning OI smoke alarm ranged from 91.8% for year 2 sample to 19.8% for year 10. Of the originally installed smoke alarms in year 10 sample, 45.5% had been removed and 59% (64/108) of those that were still installed were not functioning. Multivariate analysis showed that the presence of at least one working alarm in the home was associated positively with the number of smoke alarms that were originally installed and whether the original occupant was still living in the home, and negatively with the length of time since the smoke alarm was installed, and whether there was a smoker in the home. Testing of the smoke alarms revealed that most non-functioning alarms had missing or dead batteries.
Less than a quarter of the originally installed smoke alarms were still present and functioning by year 10. These findings have important implications for smoke alarm installation programmes.
评估通过名为“安装行动”（OI）的社区项目安装的锂供电烟雾报警器的功能。
随机抽取通过OI在2年、4年、6年、8年和10年前接收烟雾报警器的家庭样本。走访抽样家庭，收集的信息包括烟雾报警器的功能状态。对于6年、8年和10年样本中的家庭，拆除烟雾报警器并测试电池和报警功能。
800户家庭纳入调查结果；通过OI安装了1884个烟雾报警器。拥有至少一个正常工作的OI烟雾报警器的家庭比例从第2年样本的91.8%到第10年的19.8%不等。在第10年样本中最初安装的烟雾报警器中，45.5%已被拆除，仍在安装的那些报警器中有59%（64/108）无法正常工作。多变量分析表明，家中至少有一个正常工作的报警器与最初安装的烟雾报警器数量以及原居住者是否仍居住在家中呈正相关，与烟雾报警器安装后的时长以及家中是否有吸烟者呈负相关。对烟雾报警器的测试表明，大多数无法正常工作的报警器电池缺失或没电。
到第10年，最初安装的烟雾报警器中仍有不到四分之一存在且能正常工作。这些发现对烟雾报警器安装项目具有重要意义。
