Thompson Corleen J, Jones Alma R, Davis Mary Kidd, Caplan Lee S
Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
J Community Health. 2004 Apr;29(2):171-81. doi: 10.1023/b:johe.0000016720.38681.61.
The Get-Alarmed Campaign Follow-up Study was the second phase of an initiative to assure that homes of families at high risk of fire-related injury and death had functioning smoke alarms. Smoke alarms and/or batteries were installed in over 94 percent of 454 participating households in Schley and Henry Counties, Georgia, in 2000. Before the study began, 60.6 percent of these homes had smoke alarms, but only 36.6 percent had functioning smoke alarms. The follow-up study was designed to determine the experiences of participants with smoke alarms and whether participating households had functioning smoke alarms a year after baseline. Participants were phoned or visited and asked about their experiences with smoke alarms since the baseline study. During the interview, they were asked to test a smoke alarm, the results of which could frequently be heard. Respondents included 237 from Schley County and 113 from Henry County, for an overall 77.1 percent response rate. While 80.3 percent of respondents had a smoke alarm that was heard by the interviewer when it was tested, 6.6 percent reported that their smoke alarm had been disabled or had a dead battery. Over 75 percent of respondents had smoke alarm sound offs in the prior year, predominately due to cooking smoke, but only about 5 percent reported removing the battery or otherwise disabling it to prevent sound offs. However, the measures taken may render a household unprotected at a critical time. Efforts to increase protection with smoke alarms should be augmented with programs to insure adequate and timely testing and maintenance of existing smoke alarms.
“提高警惕运动”跟踪研究是一项倡议的第二阶段，该倡议旨在确保火灾相关伤亡高风险家庭的住所安装有正常运行的烟雾报警器。2000年，佐治亚州施利县和亨利县的454户参与家庭中，超过94%的家庭安装了烟雾报警器和/或电池。在研究开始前，这些家庭中有60.6%安装了烟雾报警器，但只有36.6%的烟雾报警器能够正常运行。跟踪研究旨在确定参与者使用烟雾报警器的经历，以及在基线一年后参与家庭的烟雾报警器是否正常运行。研究人员通过电话或上门拜访参与者，询问他们自基线研究以来使用烟雾报警器的经历。在访谈过程中，要求他们测试一个烟雾报警器，测试结果常常能听到。受访者包括来自施利县的237人以及来自亨利县的113人，总体回复率为77.1%。虽然80.3%的受访者的烟雾报警器在测试时能被访谈者听到，但6.6%的受访者报告称他们的烟雾报警器已被禁用或电池没电。超过75%的受访者在前一年烟雾报警器响过，主要原因是烹饪产生的烟雾，但只有约5%的受访者报告称曾取出电池或以其他方式禁用烟雾报警器以防止其响起。然而，所采取的这些措施可能会在关键时刻使家庭失去保护。应通过确保对现有烟雾报警器进行充分及时测试和维护的项目，来加强利用烟雾报警器提高保护水平的努力。
