Liwimbi Olive M, Komolafe Isaac O O
Department of Microbiology College of Medicine P/Bag 360 BLANTYRE 3.
Malawi Med J. 2007 Mar;19(1):25-7.
Forty-nine patients from the Burns Unit at the QECH had swabs taken from various sites in order to determine the bacterial profile and antibiotic susceptibilities in burn wounds colonized by bacteria. The mean age was 16 years (range 1-70 years); 27 (55 %) of the study population were female and 22 (45%) were male. Twenty-four (49%) patients were epileptic. Open fire (41%) was the most common cause of burn injuries among epileptics while hot water burns (29%) were commonest among non-epileptics. Burn injury and percentage total burn surface area (% TBSA) injuries decreased with age, and the upper and lower limbs, trunk, head and neck were the most commonly affected sites. Staphylococcus aureus was the commonest isolate (23%), followed by Proteus mirabilis (22.7%), Streptococci spp (15.9%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.5%) and 3.4% for Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Klebsiella spp. There was a significant trend of bacterial growth with increasing % TBSA (p<0.001). Bacterial growth was significantly more common in more recent burns of less than 20 days compared to burns of longer duration (OR 4.1 [95% CI 1.58-10.99]). Broad-spectrum antibiotics are required as first-line therapy for burns-related sepsis but there is need for surveillance of antibiotic susceptibility to help determine appropriate therapy.
来自伊丽莎白女王中央医院烧伤科的49名患者接受了不同部位的拭子采样，以确定烧伤伤口中细菌的菌群分布和抗生素敏感性，这些伤口已被细菌定植。患者平均年龄为16岁（范围1 - 70岁）；研究人群中27名（55%）为女性，22名（45%）为男性。24名（49%）患者患有癫痫。明火（41%）是癫痫患者烧伤最常见的原因，而热水烫伤（29%）在非癫痫患者中最为常见。烧伤损伤和烧伤总面积百分比（%TBSA）损伤随年龄增长而降低，上肢、下肢、躯干、头部和颈部是最常受影响的部位。金黄色葡萄球菌是最常见的分离菌株（23%），其次是奇异变形杆菌（22.7%）、链球菌属（15.9%）、铜绿假单胞菌（4.5%），大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌和克雷伯菌属占3.4%。随着%TBSA增加，细菌生长有显著趋势（p<0.001）。与病程较长的烧伤相比，在烧伤不到20天的近期烧伤中，细菌生长明显更常见（比值比4.1 [95%可信区间1.58 - 10.99]）。广谱抗生素是烧伤相关脓毒症的一线治疗药物，但需要监测抗生素敏感性以帮助确定合适的治疗方案。
