菊科药用植物提取物的体外抗病毒活性。
In vitro antiviral activity of plant extracts from Asteraceae medicinal plants.
机构信息
Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, 4ºP, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, 1113, Argentina.
出版信息
Virol J. 2013 Jul 27;10:245. doi: 10.1186/1743-422X-10-245.
BACKGROUND
Due to the high prevalence of viral infections having no specific treatment and the constant appearance of resistant viral strains, the development of novel antiviral agents is essential. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiviral activity against bovine viral diarrhea virus, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), poliovirus type 2 (PV-2) and vesicular stomatitis virus of organic (OE) and aqueous extracts (AE) from: Baccharis gaudichaudiana, B. spicata, Bidens subalternans, Pluchea sagittalis, Tagetes minuta and Tessaria absinthioides. A characterization of the antiviral activity of B. gaudichaudiana OE and AE and the bioassay-guided fractionation of the former and isolation of one active compound is also reported.
METHODS
The antiviral activity of the OE and AE of the selected plants was evaluated by reduction of the viral cytopathic effect. Active extracts were then assessed by plaque reduction assays. The antiviral activity of the most active extracts was characterized by evaluating their effect on the pretreatment, the virucidal activity and the effect on the adsorption or post-adsorption period of the viral cycle. The bioassay-guided fractionation of B. gaudichaudiana OE was carried out by column chromatography followed by semipreparative high performance liquid chromatography fractionation of the most active fraction and isolation of an active compound. The antiviral activity of this compound was also evaluated by plaque assay.
RESULTS
B. gaudichaudiana and B. spicata OE were active against PV-2 and VSV. T. absinthioides OE was only active against PV-2. The corresponding three AE were active against HSV-1. B. gaudichaudiana extracts (OE and AE) were the most selective ones with selectivity index (SI) values of 10.9 (PV-2) and > 117 (HSV-1). For this reason, both extracts of B. gaudichaudiana were selected to characterize their antiviral effects. Further bioassay-guided fractionation of B. gaudichaudiana OE led to an active fraction, FC (EC50 = 3.1 μg/ml; SI = 37.9), which showed antiviral activity during the first 4 h of the viral replication cycle of PV-2 and from which the flavonoid apigenin (EC50 = 12.2 ± 3.3 μM) was isolated as a major compound.
CONCLUSIONS
The results showed that, among the species studied, B. gaudichaudiana seemed to be the most promising species as a source of antiviral agents.
背景
由于没有特定治疗方法的病毒感染的高患病率和不断出现的耐药病毒株，开发新型抗病毒药物至关重要。本研究旨在评估对牛病毒性腹泻病毒、单纯疱疹病毒 1 型（HSV-1）、脊髓灰质炎病毒 2 型（PV-2）和水疱性口炎病毒的抗病毒活性有机（OE）和水提物（AE）从： Baccharis gaudichaudiana、B. spicata、Bidens subalternans、Pluchea sagittalis、Tagetes minuta 和 Tessaria absinthioides。还报道了 Baccharis gaudichaudiana OE 和 AE 的抗病毒活性特征以及前者的生物测定指导的馏分分离和一种活性化合物的分离。
方法
通过减少病毒细胞病变效应来评估所选植物的 OE 和 AE 的抗病毒活性。然后通过蚀斑减少测定评估活性提取物。通过评估预处理、病毒杀菌活性以及对病毒周期吸附或吸附后时期的影响，对最活跃的提取物进行抗病毒活性特征描述。通过柱色谱对 Baccharis gaudichaudiana OE 进行生物测定指导的馏分分离，然后对半制备高效液相色谱对最活跃的馏分进行分离，并分离出一种活性化合物。还通过蚀斑测定评估了该化合物的抗病毒活性。
结果
B. gaudichaudiana 和 B. spicata OE 对 PV-2 和 VSV 均有活性。T. absinthioides OE 仅对 PV-2 有活性。相应的三个 AE 对 HSV-1 均有活性。B. gaudichaudiana 提取物（OE 和 AE）是最具选择性的，选择性指数（SI）值分别为 10.9（PV-2）和>117（HSV-1）。出于这个原因，B. gaudichaudiana 的两种提取物均被选中以表征其抗病毒作用。B. gaudichaudiana OE 的进一步生物测定指导的馏分分离导致了一种活性馏分 FC（EC50 = 3.1 μg/ml；SI = 37.9），它在 PV-2 病毒复制周期的前 4 小时内显示出抗病毒活性，从中分离出主要化合物黄酮类芹菜素（EC50 = 12.2 ± 3.3 μM）。
结论
结果表明，在所研究的物种中，B. gaudichaudiana 似乎是最有前途的抗病毒药物来源。
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