University of Oxford Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, UK.
Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2013 Sep;21(5):411-9. doi: 10.1002/erv.2236. Epub 2013 Jul 26.
The primary aim of this exploratory study was to examine qualitatively and quantitatively the effects of rumination, mindful breathing, and distraction on processing styles and the meal time experience in women with a history of anorexia nervosa (AN).
A quasi-experimental within-participant design was employed. Thirty-seven women with history of AN and all experiencing current eating disorder psychopathology listened to a single rumination, mindful breathing and distraction exercise before a meal time. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were employed.
Specific themes were extracted for each exercise including avoidance, being in the moment and rumination. The rumination exercise led to significantly greater analytical self-focus. Mindful breathing led to significantly greater experiential self-focus compared with distraction in partially weight-restored AN participants.
In AN, self-material is processed in a ruminative way and avoidance is valued. It is difficult to shift individuals with AN out of a rumination around meal times using brief mindful breathing. Future research should investigate at what stage of AN illness mindful-based and acceptance-based strategies are useful and how these strategies could be incorporated in treatment.
本探索性研究的主要目的是定性和定量地研究反刍、正念呼吸和分心对有神经性厌食症（AN）病史的女性的加工方式和用餐体验的影响。
采用准实验内参与者设计。37 名有 AN 病史且均有当前饮食障碍心理病理学的女性在餐前听了一段反刍、正念呼吸和分心练习。进行了定性和定量分析。
为每项练习提取了特定的主题，包括回避、活在当下和反刍。与分心相比，反刍练习导致分析性自我关注显著增加。在部分体重恢复的 AN 参与者中，正念呼吸导致体验性自我关注显著增加。
在 AN 中，自我材料以反刍的方式被加工，回避是有价值的。使用简短的正念呼吸很难将 AN 患者从围绕用餐时间的反刍中转移出来。未来的研究应该调查正念和接纳为基础的策略在 AN 疾病的哪个阶段有用，以及如何将这些策略纳入治疗。
