Saraiva Linda, Rodrigues Luís P, Cordovil Rita, Barreiros João
Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa , Portugal .
Ann Hum Biol. 2013 Sep-Oct;40(5):444-50. doi: 10.3109/03014460.2013.802012. Epub 2013 Jul 29.
Biological factors can affect the motor development process of children. However, the magnitude of these effects throughout the developmental process remains fairly unknown.
To determine the influence of age, sex and selected somatic measures on the motor performance of pre-school children.
Three hundred and sixty-seven pre-schoolers (172 boys and 195 girls), aged from 3-5 years old, were recruited from 10 public pre-schools located in the district of Viana do Castelo, Portugal. The children's motor performance was assessed by five motor sub-tests of Peabody Developmental Motor Scales-2: grasping, visuo-motor integration, stationary, locomotion and object manipulation sub-tests. Age, sex, height, weight and BMI were considered as hypothetical predictors of motor performance. Pearson's correlation test and multiple linear regression analysis were used to explore the magnitude of the relationship between motor sub-tests and the hypothetical predictors.
Depending on the motor sub-test and age group, the models predicted motor performance from a minimum of 3.6% to a maximum of 34.4%. Age in months and sex stood out as the main predictors of motor performance.
The relationship between motor performance and selected biological factors varied with age and with the specificity of the motor test.
生物因素会影响儿童的运动发育过程。然而，在整个发育过程中这些影响的程度仍相当不明。
确定年龄、性别和选定的身体测量指标对学龄前儿童运动表现的影响。
从葡萄牙维亚纳堡区的10所公立幼儿园招募了367名3至5岁的学龄前儿童（172名男孩和195名女孩）。通过皮博迪发育运动量表-2的五个运动子测试对儿童的运动表现进行评估：抓握、视觉运动整合、静止、移动和物体操作子测试。年龄、性别、身高、体重和体重指数被视为运动表现的假设预测因素。采用Pearson相关检验和多元线性回归分析来探讨运动子测试与假设预测因素之间关系的程度。
根据运动子测试和年龄组的不同，模型对运动表现的预测率最低为3.6%，最高为34.4%。月龄和性别是运动表现的主要预测因素。
运动表现与选定的生物因素之间的关系随年龄和运动测试的特异性而变化。
