Mecías-Calvo Marcos, Carregal-San Emeterio Fernando, Navarro-Patón Rubén
Facultad de Formación del Profesorado, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27001 Lugo, Spain.
Centro de Estudios Deportivos Cántabro (CEDEC), 39587 Camaleño, Spain.
Children (Basel). 2024 Jul 7;11(7):829. doi: 10.3390/children11070829.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Weight gain is associated with numerous health complications and constitutes a serious public health problem. Motor competence (MC) can be a protective factor since children's participation and practice in physical activities can improve their health. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of gender and BMI on MC [i.e., manual dexterity (MD), aiming and catching (A&C), balance (Bal), and total MC percentile (TP)] depending on gender (boy/girl) and BMI (normal weight, overweight or obesity).
The MABC-2 battery was applied in a sample of 368 preschool children (5.69 ± 0.28 years of age; 54.9% girls).
Boys and girls showed statistically significant differences in MC components: boys had higher scores in A&C ( = 0.002), while girls excelled in MD ( < 0.001), Bal ( = 0.035); TP ( < 0.001), and BMI [Bal ( = 0.009); TP ( = 0.050)], with a higher percentile in those children with overweight in both cases. Statistically significant differences were also found in the interactions between gender*BMI [MD ( < 0.001) and TP ( < 0.001)].
The findings showed that there were notable variations in total percentile, balance, and manual dexterity between boys and girls. In addition, girls outperformed boys in all categories save aiming and catching. However, males who were overweight or obese earned greater percentiles in both balance and the MABC-2 battery's total percentile.
背景/目的：体重增加与多种健康并发症相关，是一个严重的公共卫生问题。运动能力（MC）可能是一个保护因素，因为儿童参与体育活动并进行锻炼可以改善他们的健康状况。本研究的目的是根据性别（男孩/女孩）和体重指数（BMI，正常体重、超重或肥胖），调查性别和BMI对MC[即手的灵巧性（MD）、瞄准和接球（A&C）、平衡（Bal）以及总运动能力百分位数（TP）]的影响。
对368名学龄前儿童（5.69±0.28岁；54.9%为女孩）的样本应用了MABC-2测试。
男孩和女孩在运动能力组成部分上存在统计学显著差异：男孩在A&C方面得分更高（P = 0.002），而女孩在MD方面表现更优（P < 0.001）、Bal方面（P = 0.035）；TP方面（P < 0.001），以及BMI方面[Bal（P = 0.009）；TP（P = 0.050）]，在这两种情况下超重儿童的百分位数更高。在性别*BMI的交互作用方面[MD（P < 0.001）和TP（P < 0.001）]也发现了统计学显著差异。
研究结果表明，男孩和女孩在总百分位数、平衡和手的灵巧性方面存在显著差异。此外，除了瞄准和接球外，女孩在所有类别中都优于男孩。然而，超重或肥胖的男性在平衡和MABC-2测试的总百分位数方面得分更高。
