Northeastern University School of Law and Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Boston, USA; Division of Global Public Health, UCSD School of Medicine, San Diego, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2013 Nov;132 Suppl 1:S48-52. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.06.027. Epub 2013 Jul 26.
Recognition of the police's role in shaping HIV spread and prevention among people who inject drugs, sex workers, and other at-risk groups has generated interest in educational interventions targeting law enforcement. With input from civil society, trainings covering HIV prevention science, policy, and occupational safety were developed and delivered to cadets and active-duty police across Kyrgyzstan.
We administered a multi-site cross-sectional survey of Kyrgyz police to assess whether having undergone HIV trainings was associated with improved legal and public health knowledge, positive attitudes toward public health programs and policies, occupational safety awareness, and intended practices .
In a 313-officer sample, 38% reported undergoing the training. In a multivariate analysis, training was associated with the officer being significantly more likely to support referring individuals to public health organizations (aOR 2.21; 95%CI 1.33-3.68), expressing no intent to extrajudicially confiscate syringes (aOR 1.92; 95%CI 1.09-3.39), and better understanding sex worker detention procedure (aOR 2.23; 95%CI 1.19-4.46), although trainee knowledge of policy on routine identification checks for sex workers was significantly lower (aOR 3.0; 95%CI 1.78-5.05). Training was also associated with improved occupational safety knowledge (aOR 3.85; 95%CI 1.66-8.95).
Kyrgyzstan's experience suggest that police trainings have the potential to improve the integration of policing and public health efforts targeting at-risk groups. Regardless of the legal environment, such structural approaches should be considered elsewhere in Central Asia and beyond. As these initiatives gain acceptance, further research is needed to inform their design and tailoring.
认识到警察在塑造艾滋病毒在注射毒品者、性工作者和其他高危人群中的传播和预防方面的作用，激发了人们对针对执法人员的教育干预措施的兴趣。在民间社会的参与下，为吉尔吉斯斯坦的学员和在职警察制定并提供了涵盖艾滋病毒预防科学、政策和职业安全的培训。
我们对吉尔吉斯斯坦警察进行了一项多地点横断面调查，以评估接受艾滋病毒培训是否与改善法律和公共卫生知识、对公共卫生计划和政策的积极态度、职业安全意识以及预期实践有关。
在 313 名警察样本中，38%的人报告接受了培训。在多变量分析中，培训使警察更有可能支持将个人转介到公共卫生组织（调整后的优势比 2.21；95%置信区间 1.33-3.68），表示无意非法没收注射器（调整后的优势比 1.92；95%置信区间 1.09-3.39），以及更好地理解性工作者拘留程序（调整后的优势比 2.23；95%置信区间 1.19-4.46），尽管受训者对性工作者常规身份检查政策的了解明显较低（调整后的优势比 3.0；95%置信区间 1.78-5.05）。培训还与职业安全知识的提高有关（调整后的优势比 3.85；95%置信区间 1.66-8.95）。
吉尔吉斯斯坦的经验表明，警察培训有可能改善针对高危群体的警务和公共卫生努力的整合。无论法律环境如何，中亚和其他地区都应考虑采取这种结构性方法。随着这些举措的接受，需要进一步研究为其设计和调整提供信息。
