Kasamoto Sawako, Masumori Shoji, Hayashi Makoto
Public Interest Incorporated Foundation, Biosafety Research Center, Shioshinden, Iwata, Japan.
Methods Mol Biol. 2013;1044:179-89. doi: 10.1007/978-1-62703-529-3_9.
The rodent micronucleus assay has been most widely and frequently used as a representative in vivo assay system to assess mutagenicity of chemicals, regardless of endpoint of mutagenicity. The micronucleus has been developed to assess induction of structural and numerical chromosomal aberrations of target chemical. In this chapter, we describe the standard protocols of the assay using mouse bone marrow and peripheral blood. These methods are basically applicable to other rodents. The methodology of the micronucleus assay is rapidly developing, especially automatic analysis by flow cytometry (see also Chapter 11 ). Also we have to pay attention to the animal welfare, for example integration into repeat dose toxicity assay, combination of the micronucleus assay and Comet assay, and also omission of concurrent positive control group. Therefore, modification of the standard protocol is necessary for the actual assay on a case-by-case basis.
啮齿动物微核试验作为一种具有代表性的体内试验系统，已被最广泛和频繁地用于评估化学物质的致突变性，而不考虑致突变性的终点。微核试验已被开发用于评估目标化学物质诱导的结构和数量染色体畸变。在本章中，我们描述了使用小鼠骨髓和外周血进行该试验的标准方案。这些方法基本上适用于其他啮齿动物。微核试验的方法正在迅速发展，特别是通过流式细胞术进行自动分析（另见第11章）。此外，我们必须关注动物福利，例如将其纳入重复剂量毒性试验、微核试验与彗星试验的结合，以及同时省略阳性对照组。因此，实际试验需要根据具体情况对标准方案进行修改。
