Burke Louise M, Meyer Nanna L, Pearce Jeni
Sports Nutrition, Australian Institute of Sport, Bruce, ACT, Australia.
Nestle Nutr Inst Workshop Ser. 2013;76:103-20. doi: 10.1159/000350263. Epub 2013 Jul 25.
Preparing a national team for success at major sporting competitions such as the Olympic Games has become a systematic and multi-faceted activity. Sports nutrition contributes to this success via strategic nutritional interventions that optimize the outcomes from both the training process and the competitive event. This review summarizes the National Nutrition Programs involved with the 2012 London Olympic Games preparation of the Australian, British and American sports systems from the viewpoints of three key agencies: the Australian Institute of Sport, the English Institute of Sport and the United States Olympic Committee. Aspects include development of a nutrition network involving appropriately qualified sports dietitians/nutritionists within a multi-disciplinary team, recognition of continual updates in sports nutrition knowledge, and a systematic approach to service delivery, education and research within the athlete's daily training environment. Issues of clinical nutrition support must often be integrated into the performance nutrition matrix. Food service plays an important role in the achievement of nutrition goals during the Olympic Games, both through the efforts of the Athlete Dining Hall and catering activities of the host Olympic Games Organizing Committees as well as adjunct facilities often provided by National Olympic Committees for their own athletes.
为在奥运会等重大体育赛事中取得成功组建国家队已成为一项系统且多方面的活动。运动营养通过战略性营养干预为这一成功做出贡献，这些干预可优化训练过程和竞技赛事的成果。本综述从三个关键机构的视角总结了与2012年伦敦奥运会澳大利亚、英国和美国体育系统备战相关的国家营养计划，这三个机构分别是澳大利亚体育学院、英国体育学院和美国奥林匹克委员会。这些方面包括在多学科团队中建立一个由具备适当资质的运动营养师/营养学家组成的营养网络，认识到运动营养知识的不断更新，以及在运动员日常训练环境中提供服务、开展教育和进行研究的系统方法。临床营养支持问题通常必须纳入运动营养矩阵。在奥运会期间，通过运动员餐厅的努力、主办奥运会组委会的餐饮活动以及各国奥委会通常为其本国运动员提供的附属设施，食品服务在实现营养目标方面发挥着重要作用。
