Ortega-Oller Inmaculada, Suárez Fernando, Galindo-Moreno Pablo, Torrecillas-Martínez Laura, Monje Alberto, Catena Andrés, Wang Hom-Lay
Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
J Periodontol. 2014 Apr;85(4):569-80. doi: 10.1902/jop.2013.130043. Epub 2013 Aug 1.
The use of narrow-diameter implants has been proposed to restore small edentulous spans, thus avoiding extensive bone augmentation procedures and reducing the surgical complexity of implant rehabilitations. Although success rates of narrow-diameter implants have already been analyzed in the literature, to the best of the authors' knowledge, no meta-analysis based on prospective and randomized controlled trials has been performed. The aim of this study is to analyze the survival rates of narrow-diameter implants compared with standard or wide-diameter implants.
An electronic search from three databases and a hand search in implant-related journals of studies published in English before September 1, 2012 were performed. Prospective human clinical studies with at least 10 implants and a follow-up period of 1 year were included in the meta-analysis. Implants were divided into two groups based on their diameters.
The initial search yielded 484 articles, of which 49 were evaluated in full text for eligibility. Finally, 16 studies were chosen and separated into two groups: 1) implants of diameter <3.3 mm (group 1) and 2) implants of diameter ≥3.3 mm (group 2). A meta-analysis performed for groups 1 and 2 showed survival rates of 75% and 87%, respectively.
This meta-analysis showed that narrower implants (<3.3 mm) had significantly lower survival rates compared with wider implants (≥3.3 mm). Other variables, such as type of prosthesis, implant surface, and timing of prosthetic loading, were found to have influenced the implant survival rates.
有人提出使用窄径种植体来修复小范围的无牙区，从而避免广泛的骨增量手术并降低种植修复的手术复杂性。尽管窄径种植体的成功率已在文献中得到分析，但据作者所知，尚未进行基于前瞻性和随机对照试验的荟萃分析。本研究的目的是分析窄径种植体与标准或宽径种植体相比的生存率。
对三个数据库进行电子检索，并对2012年9月1日前发表的英文种植相关期刊进行手工检索。荟萃分析纳入了至少有10颗种植体且随访期为1年的前瞻性人体临床研究。根据种植体直径将其分为两组。
初步检索得到484篇文章，其中49篇全文评估其是否符合纳入标准。最终，选择了16项研究并分为两组：1）直径<3.3 mm的种植体（第1组）和2）直径≥3.3 mm的种植体（第2组）。对第1组和第2组进行的荟萃分析显示，生存率分别为75%和87%。
该荟萃分析表明，与宽径种植体（≥3.3 mm）相比，窄径种植体（<3.3 mm）的生存率显著更低。还发现其他变量，如修复体类型、种植体表面和修复体加载时间，对种植体生存率有影响。
