Edinburgh Urological Cancer Group, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Department of Urology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.
BJU Int. 2014 Apr;113(4):523-34. doi: 10.1111/bju.12236. Epub 2013 Jul 26.
To systematically review the range of methods available for assessing elasticity in the prostate and to examine its use as a biomarker for prostate cancer. A systematic review of the electronic database PubMed was performed up to December 2012. All relevant studies assessing the use of elasticity as a biomarker for prostate cancer were included except those not studying human prostates or reporting a sensitivity, specificity or quantitative elasticity value. There has been much interest in the use of elasticity in the detection of prostate cancer and there have been many publications using various methods of detection. The most common method of assessment is an imaging method, called sonoelastography. Further imaging methods include ultrasound (US), three-dimensional US and magnetic resonance elastography. These methods are reviewed for sensitivity and specificity. The other method of assessment is the mechanical method. These use quantitative elasticity values to differentiate benign from malignant areas of the prostate. This method of assessment has shown that the elasticity changes for differing Gleason grades and T stages of disease within the prostate. Quantitative elasticity values offer the potential of using 'threshold' elasticity values under which the prostate is benign. Tissue elasticity has great potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for prostate cancer and can be assessed using various methods. Currently transrectal sonoelastography has the most evidence supporting its use in clinical practice.
为了系统地回顾评估前列腺弹性的各种方法，并研究其作为前列腺癌生物标志物的用途。对电子数据库 PubMed 进行了系统的回顾，截止日期为 2012 年 12 月。所有评估弹性作为前列腺癌生物标志物的相关研究均被纳入，不包括那些未研究人类前列腺或未报告敏感性、特异性或定量弹性值的研究。人们对利用弹性来检测前列腺癌很感兴趣，已经有很多使用各种检测方法的出版物。最常见的评估方法是一种成像方法，称为超声弹性成像。进一步的成像方法包括超声（US）、三维超声和磁共振弹性成像。这些方法的敏感性和特异性进行了回顾。另一种评估方法是机械方法。这些方法使用定量弹性值来区分前列腺的良性和恶性区域。这种评估方法表明，在前列腺内，不同的 Gleason 分级和疾病 T 分期的弹性会发生变化。定量弹性值具有使用“阈值”弹性值的潜力，低于该值前列腺为良性。组织弹性作为前列腺癌的一种有前途的诊断和预后生物标志物，可以使用各种方法进行评估。目前，经直肠超声弹性成像在临床实践中具有最多的证据支持其应用。
