Klein Annette, Rittmann Ines, Hiller Karl-Anton, Landthaler Michael, Bäumler Wolfgang
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93042, Regensburg, Germany,
Lasers Med Sci. 2014 Mar;29(2):729-38. doi: 10.1007/s10103-013-1395-1. Epub 2013 Aug 2.
Tattoo removal by laser therapy is a frequently performed procedure in dermatological practices. Quality-switched ruby, alexandrite, or Nd:YAG lasers are the most suitable treatment devices. Although these techniques are regarded as safe, both temporary and permanent side effects might occur. Little has been published on the frequency of complications associated with laser tattoo removal. We performed an Internet survey in German-speaking countries on characteristics of laser tattoo removal and associated side effects. A total number of 157 questionnaires entered the final analysis. Motivations for laser tattoo removal were mainly considering the tattoo as youthful folly (29%), esthetic reasons (28%), and 6% indicated medical problems. One third of participants were unsatisfied with the result of laser tattoo removal, and a complete removal of the tattoo pigment was obtained in 38% only. Local transient side effects occurred in nearly all participants, but an important rate of slightly visible scars (24%) or even important scarring (8%) was reported. Every fourth participant described mild or intense tan when the laser treatment was performed, and the same number of people indicated UV exposure following laser therapy, which should normally be avoided in these circumstances. As reported in the literature, nearly half of the participants experienced hypopigmentation in the treated area. Our results show that from the patients' point of view there is an important rate of side effects occurring after laser tattoo removal. Appropriate pretreatment counseling with regard to realistic expectations, possible side effects, and the application of test spots is mandatory to ensure patient satisfaction. Laser treatment should be performed by appropriately trained personnel only.
激光疗法去除纹身是皮肤科常见的治疗手段。调Q红宝石激光、翠绿宝石激光或Nd:YAG激光是最适合的治疗设备。尽管这些技术被认为是安全的，但仍可能出现暂时或永久性的副作用。关于激光纹身去除相关并发症的发生率，此前鲜有报道。我们在德语国家开展了一项关于激光纹身去除特点及相关副作用的网络调查。共有157份问卷纳入最终分析。去除纹身的主要动机包括将纹身视为年少轻狂之举（29%）、出于美观原因（28%），以及6%表示存在医学问题。三分之一的参与者对激光纹身去除的效果不满意，仅38%的人实现了纹身色素的完全清除。几乎所有参与者都出现了局部短暂性副作用，但有相当比例的人报告有轻微可见疤痕（24%）甚至严重疤痕（8%）。每四位参与者中有一位描述在进行激光治疗时出现了轻度或重度晒黑，同样数量的人表示在激光治疗后有紫外线暴露情况，而在这些情况下通常应避免紫外线暴露。如文献报道，近一半的参与者在治疗区域出现了色素减退。我们的结果表明，从患者角度来看，激光纹身去除后出现副作用的比例较高。必须进行适当的术前咨询，告知患者现实的预期效果、可能的副作用以及进行试斑的情况，以确保患者满意度。激光治疗应由经过适当培训的人员进行。
