Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA; Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
J Magn Reson Imaging. 2013 Nov;38(5):1169-76. doi: 10.1002/jmri.24085. Epub 2013 Mar 21.
To investigate differences in the age-related decline in brain tissue concentration between Masters athletes and sedentary older adults.
Twelve Masters athletes (MA) (three females, age = 72.4 ± 5.6 years, endurance training >15 years), 12 sedentary elderly (SE) similar in age and educational level (four females, age = 74.6 ± 4.3 years), and nine young controls (YC) (four females, age = 27.2 ± 3.6 years) participated. T1-weighted high-resolution (1 × 1 × 1mm(3) ) images were acquired. Voxel-based analysis was conducted to identify clusters showing tissue concentration differences with t-tests. Cognitive function was assessed using a standard clinical battery focused on executive function and memory.
Two MA and two SE were unable to complete the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study. Both SE and MA showed lower gray matter (GM) concentrations than YC in the superior, inferior and middle frontal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, postcentral gyrus, and the cingulate gyrus (PFDR-corrected < 0.001) and lower white matter (WM) concentrations in the inferior frontal gyrus and precentral gyrus (PFDR-corrected < 0.005). Notably, MA showed higher GM and WM concentrations than SE in the subgyral, cuneus, and precuneus regions related to visuospatial function, motor control, and working memory (PFDR-corrected < 0.005). After controlling for estimated intelligence, MA outperformed SE on tasks of letter (P < 0.01) and category (P < 0.05) fluency.
Life-long exercise may confer benefits to some aspects of executive function and age-related brain tissue loss in the regions related to visuospatial function, motor control, and working memory in older adults.
研究与久坐的老年人相比，大师运动员的脑组织浓度随年龄增长而下降的差异。
12 名大师运动员（MA）（3 名女性，年龄=72.4±5.6 岁，耐力训练>15 年）、12 名久坐的老年人（SE）（年龄和教育程度相似，4 名女性，年龄=74.6±4.3 岁）和 9 名年轻对照（YC）（4 名女性，年龄=27.2±3.6 岁）参与了研究。采集 T1 加权高分辨率（1×1×1mm³）图像。采用基于体素的分析方法进行 t 检验，以识别显示组织浓度差异的聚类。使用专注于执行功能和记忆的标准临床测试包评估认知功能。
两名 MA 和两名 SE 无法完成磁共振成像（MRI）研究。SE 和 MA 与 YC 相比，额上回、额中回、额下回、颞上回、中央后回和扣带回的灰质（GM）浓度较低（PFDR 校正<0.001），额下回和中央前回的白质（WM）浓度较低（PFDR 校正<0.005）。值得注意的是，MA 在与视空间功能、运动控制和工作记忆相关的下回、楔前叶和楔叶区域的 GM 和 WM 浓度高于 SE（PFDR 校正<0.005）。在控制估计智力后，MA 在字母（P<0.01）和类别（P<0.05）流畅性任务上的表现优于 SE。
终身运动可能会给老年人的执行功能和与视空间功能、运动控制和工作记忆相关的脑组织损失带来一些好处。
